Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participants and result of univariate analysis
Variables | N (%) | PCS | p1 | MCS | p2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||||
Gender | 0.61 | 0.62 | |||||
Male | 205 (40.84) | 65.45 | 22.99 | 59.94 | 21.49 | ||
Female | 297 (59.16) | 64.40 | 22.45 | 58.96 | 22.09 | ||
Age | 0.03 | 0.40 | |||||
< 56 | 98 (19.52) | 67.73 | 21.51 | 61.49 | 19.78 | ||
56–66 | 303 (60.36) | 65.57 | 22.62 | 59.37 | 22.24 | ||
> 66 | 101 (20.12) | 59.80 | 23.29 | 57.27 | 22.51 | ||
Marital status | 0.83 | 0.92 | |||||
Single/divorced/widowed/separated | 189 (37.65) | 64.55 | 24.99 | 59.29 | 23.95 | ||
Married/cohabited | 313 (62.35) | 65.00 | 21.16 | 59.49 | 20.49 | ||
Educational level | 0.49 | 0.55 | |||||
Middle school or under | 331 (65.94) | 64.28 | 23.21 | 58.93 | 22.47 | ||
Senior high school | 141 (28.09) | 65.15 | 21.51 | 59.52 | 20.70 | ||
Undergraduate or above | 30 (5.97) | 69.42 | 21.87 | 63.45 | 19.99 | ||
Chronic disease | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 280 (55.78) | 56.12 | 22.87 | 53.36 | 21.98 | ||
No | 222 (44.22) | 75.81 | 16.92 | 66.94 | 19.17 | ||
Employment | 0.003 | 0.02 | |||||
Unemployment | 411 (81.87) | 63.32 | 23.19 | 58.29 | 22.39 | ||
Part-time/full-time | 85 (16.93) | 71.44 | 19.20 | 64.28 | 18.78 | ||
Missing | 6 (1.20) | ||||||
Annual household income (RMB) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
≤ 10,000 | 37 (7.37) | 45.74 | 26.40 | 42.36 | 22.70 | ||
10,001–30,000 | 229 (45.62) | 63.13 | 22.41 | 57.89 | 22.42 | ||
30,001–50,000 | 192 (38.25) | 69.45 | 20.29 | 63.23 | 19.21 | ||
> 50,000 | 44 (8.76) | 69.63 | 21.39 | 64.47 | 21.55 | ||
Debt | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 32 (6.37) | 41.44 | 23.22 | 42.46 | 21.90 | ||
No | 467 (93.03) | 66.51 | 21.77 | 60.64 | 21.38 | ||
Missing | 3 (0.60) | ||||||
Marital satisfaction | 0.002 | < 0.001 | |||||
Unsatisfactory | 85 (16.93) | 58.37 | 25.53 | 51.79 | 22.49 | ||
Satisfactory | 409 (81.47) | 66.54 | 21.59 | 61.18 | 21.03 | ||
Missing | 8 (1.60) | ||||||
Gender of the lost child | 0.35 | 0.28 | |||||
Male | 325 (64.74) | 65.44 | 22.00 | 60.02 | 20.94 | ||
Female | 173 (34.46) | 63.43 | 23.96 | 57.78 | 23.49 | ||
Missing | 4 (0.80) | ||||||
Reason of the child’s death | 0.94 | 0.49 | |||||
Accident | 131 (26.10) | 64.21 | 23.63 | 58.66 | 22.25 | ||
Acute disease | 198 (39.44) | 64.69 | 22.01 | 59.71 | 21.68 | ||
Chronic disease | 150 (29.88) | 65.21 | 22.43 | 58.76 | 21.57 | ||
Mental illness | 19 (3.78) | 67.55 | 26.15 | 66.70 | 22.75 | ||
Missing | 4 (0.80) | ||||||
Age of the child at death | 0.10 | 0.03 | |||||
≤ 15 year old | 78 (15.54) | 65.62 | 24.20 | 60.03 | 23.12 | ||
16–25 year old | 191 (38.04) | 67.04 | 21.61 | 62.31 | 20.32 | ||
≥ 26 year old | 228 (45.42) | 62.35 | 22.87 | 56.59 | 22.30 | ||
Missing | 5 (1.00) | ||||||
Time since the child’s death | 0.24 | 0.07 | |||||
≤ 5 | 202 (40.24) | 62.72 | 22.61 | 56.73 | 21.91 | ||
6–15 | 180 (35.85) | 66.43 | 22.16 | 61.88 | 21.32 | ||
≥ 16 | 115 (22.91) | 65.85 | 23.49 | 59.79 | 22.17 | ||
Missing | 5 (1.00) | ||||||
Whether they have a grandchild | 0.10 | 0.16 | |||||
Yes | 60 (11.95) | 60.33 | 21.15 | 55.64 | 21.53 | ||
No | 423 (84.27) | 65.50 | 22.87 | 59.89 | 21.85 | ||
Missing | 19 (3.78) | ||||||