Table 2 Characteristics of participants at baseline (n = 63)
Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
Age, years | 83 ± 6 (69–94) |
Gender: male/female, n (%) | 39/24 (38/62) |
Pre-clinical living situation: home alone/home with family or relatives, n (%) | 42/21 (67/33) |
Time between admission and baseline assessment, days | 3.0 ± 1.5 (0–6) |
Time between baseline and follow-up assessment, days | 10.8 ± 2.5 (7–17) |
Time between follow-up assessment and discharge, days | 7.9 ± 8.8 (0–52) |
Total length of stay on the acute ward, days | 21.8 ± 8.6 (11–64) |
Primary diagnosis according to ICD-10 categories | Â |
 IX Circulatory, n (%) | 11 (17) |
 X Respiratory, n (%) | 6 (10) |
 XI Digestive, n (%) | 4 (6) |
 XIII Musculoskeletal, n (%) | 5 (8) |
 XVIII Symptoms, signs and abnormal findings, not elsewhere classified, n (%) | 8 (13) |
 XIX Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | 19 (30) |
 Other, n (%) | 10 (16) |
Potential reasons for a cognitive impairment reported in the medical chart (diagnosis, symptom, medical sign; double-counts due to multi-morbidity) | Â |
 None reported, n (%) | 11 (17) |
 Alzheimer’s dementia, n (%) | 3 (5) |
 Vascular dementia, n (%) | 11 (17) |
 Dementia, not specified, n (%) | 9 (14) |
 Parkinson’s disease, n (%) | 7 (11) |
 Stroke, n (%) | 8 (13) |
 Depression, n (%) | 19 (30) |
 Delirium, n (%) | 15 (24) |
 Other (psychosis, alcohol abuse), n (%) | 5 (8) |
Cognitive spectrum disorder | Â |
 Dementia alone | 16 (25) |
 Delirium alone | 8 (13) |
 Delirium superimposed on known dementia | 7 (11) |
 Unspecified cognitive impairmenta | 32 (51) |
In-hospital walking aid, at baseline/follow-up | Â |
 Wheeled-walker or rollator, n (%) | 19/24 (30/38) |
 None, n (%) | 12/9 (19/14) |
 Cane or crutch, n (%) | 3/4 (5/6) |
 Other, n (%) | 1/0 (2/0) |
 Non-ambulatory (wheelchair), n (%) | 28/26 (44/41) |
Ambulation, at baseline/follow-up | Â |
 Independent walkers (FAC ≥ 4), n (%) | 18/24 (29/38) |
 Not ambulatory or dependent walkers (FAC ≤ 3), n (%) | 45/39 (71/62) |
Barthel Index, 0–100 points, mean score, points | 44 ± 20 (0–90) |
Mini Mental State Examination, 0–30 points |  |
 Severe cognitive impairment, 0–9 points, n (%) | 0 (0) |
 Moderate cognitive impairment, 10–18 points, n (%) | 21 (33) |
 Mild cognitive impairment, 19–24 points, n (%) | 42 (67) |
 Mean score, points | 19.8 ± 3.4 (12–24) |
 Median score, points | 21 (17–23) |
Clock Drawing Test, 1–6 points |  |
 Unsuspicious: 1–2 points, n (%) | 3 (5) |
 Suspicious: 3–6 points, n (%) | 46 (73) |
 Missing/not possible, n (%) | 1/13 (2/21) |
 Mean score, points (n = 49) | 4.2 ± 1.2 (1–6) |
Geriatric Depression Scale short form, 0–15 points |  |
 Normal: 0–4 points, n (%) | 28 (44) |
 Mild depressive: 5–8 points, n (%) | 16 (25) |
 Moderate depressive: 9–11 points, n (%) | 9 (14) |
 Severe depressive: 12–15 points, n (%) | 4 (6) |
 Missing/not possible, n (%) | 3/3 (5/5) |
 Mean score, points (n = 57) | 5.5 ± 3.3 (0–13) |