Health conditions* | N groups (N participants) | N groups (N proxies) | WMD†(95% CI) | P | I2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
General populations | 9 (2746) | 9 (2746) | 0.034 (0.021, 0.047) |  < 0.001 | 75.5% |
Infectious and parasitic diseases | |||||
 Bacteremia | 4 (36) | 4 (28) | 0.005 (− 0.044, 0.055) | 0.829 | 38.4% |
 Meningitis | 4 (28) | 4 (48) | − 0.117 (− 0.167, − 0.067) |  < 0.001 | 49.9% |
Cancer | |||||
 Brain tumour | 8 (194) | 8 (232) | 0.055 (− 0.010, 0.119) | 0.099 | 62.0% |
 Leukaemia/lymphoma | 1 (33) | 1 (79) | − 0.040 (− 0.108, 0.028) | 0.251 | – |
 Medulloblastoma | 4 (152) | 4 (152) | − 0.013 (− 0.059, 0.034) | 0.589 | 0.0% |
 Mixed cancer diagnosis | 6 (611) | 6 (991) | 0.053 (− 0.026, 0.132) | 0.188 | 95.7% |
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disorders | |||||
 Diabetes | 9 (1382) | 9 (1503) | 0.004 (− 0.005, 0.014) | 0.351 | 0.0% |
 Overweight or obese | 18 (1080) | 18 (1080) | 0.059 (0.045, 0.073) |  < 0.001 | 94.9% |
 Cystic fibrosis | 1 (55) | 1 (199) | 0.030 (0.005, 0.055) | 0.017 | / |
Mental and behavioral disorders‡ | |||||
 Anxiety disorders | 6 (339) | 6 (310) | 0.011 (− 0.001, 0.024) | 0.077 | 0.0% |
 CD | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.085 (− 0.113, 0.282) | 0.400 | 94.2% |
 CD + SA | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.085 (− 0.043, 0.213) | 0.193 | 84.1% |
 CD + ADHD | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.075 (− 0.096, 0.247) | 0.390 | 91.8% |
 DBD | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.072 (− 0.110, 0.254) | 0.438 | 93.3% |
 DBD + SA | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.055 (− 0.068, 0.177) | 0.382 | 84.2% |
 DBD + ADHD | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.052 (− 0.072, 0.176) | 0.412 | 83.9% |
 ODD | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.101 (− 0.045, 0.246) | 0.174 | 90.5% |
 ODD + SA | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.121 (− 0.050, 0.291) | 0.167 | 89.0% |
 ODD + ADHD | 3 (86) | 3 (46) | 0.091 (− 0.127, 0.310) | 0.414 | 95.0% |
 Paediatric mobility impairment | 12 (100) | 12 (100) | − 0.059 (− 0.091, − 0.027) |  < 0.001 | 7.6% |
 Prolonged acute convulsive seizures | 2 (54) | 2 (556) | − 0.265 (− 0.344, − 0.186) |  < 0.001 | 0.0% |
Nervous system disorders | |||||
 Epilepsy | 4 (64) | 4 (16) | − 0.009 (− 0.040, 0.022) | 0.560 | 0.0% |
Diseases of the ear | |||||
 Hearing loss | 4 (60) | 4 (28) | 0.068 (− 0.005, 0.141) | 0.067 | 90.0% |
 Otitis media | 4 (28) | 4 (44) | 0.063 (− 0.039, 0.165) | 0.225 | 86.8% |
Circulatory system disorders | |||||
 Stroke | 2 (44) | 2 (44) | − 0.006 (− 0.088, 0.077) | 0.893 | 0.0% |
Respiratory system disorders | |||||
 Asthma | 32 (2850) | 32 (2850) | − 0.034 (− 0.039, − 0.029) |  < 0.001 | 34.6% |
 Lung disease | 8 (80) | 8 (80) | − 0.030 (− 0.057, − 0.003) | 0.031 | 0.7% |
Musculoskeletal disorders | |||||
 MSKD | 16 (612) | 16 (900) | 0.019 (− 0.001, 0.039) | 0.068 | 43.6% |
Genitourinary system disorders | |||||
 Pelvic inflammatory disease | 10 (1340) | 10 (1210) | 0.123 (0.101, 0.144) |  < 0.001 | 25.5% |
Conditions originating in the perinatal period | |||||
 ELBW/EP | 4 (1056) | 4 (1100) | 0.065 (0.023, 0.106) | 0.002 | 45.8% |
 VLBW/VP | 6 (1053) | 6 (1053) | 0.009 (− 0.016, 0.034) | 0.481 | 98.9% |
Congenital malformations | |||||
 Spina bifida | 2 (125) | 2 (132) | − 0.044 (− 0.078, − 0.010) | 0.012 | 93.2% |
Injury, poisoning and other consequences of external causes | |||||
 Injury | 2 (44) | 2 (44) | − 0.083 (− 0.155, − 0.012) | 0.023 | 0.0% |
Chronic illness | |||||
 Chronic illness | 6 (164) | 6 (164) | − 0.047 (− 0.080, − 0.013) | 0.007 | 45.8% |