Item | Original version | Back-translation | Translated and adapted version (Chinese) | Rationale |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st Directions | By checking the appropriate box | by Choosing an appropriate option | 通过选择一个合适的选项 | Clearer and more informal |
1 | I currently have a feeding tube in place | Are you using a feeding tube in place now | 你正在使用营养饲管吗 | Clearer and more informal |
2nd Instruction | In general, a “0” indicates the least amount of problems with a particular symptom and “10” indicates the most problems | In general “0” indicates the absence of a symptom and “10” indicates the maximum presence of symptom | 一般来说, 0表示没有相关症状, 10表示症状最严重 | The substitution of the term “amount” by “presence” makes the sentence most objective |
3 | like Ensure® or Boost® | Like milk or nutrison | 比如牛奶或能全素 | In China, Ensure® or Boost® are rarely seen in the market. we commonly use milk or nutrison for nutritional supplement |
6 | like water, tea and Ensure® | like Plain boiled water, tea and milk | 比如白开水, 茶或者牛奶 | More informal word, culturally appropriate |
16 | Problems with dry mouth affect my ability to sleep | Problems with dry mouth make you unable to sleep well | 口干导致你睡眠不好 | Facilitates understanding |
27,39, 40, 41, 42, 43 | Not applicable | Not applicable for you | 不适用你 | Clearer |
49 | I have limitations in the ability to open or move my jaw | You have limitations in the ability to open your mouth or move your jaw | 你张口或者移动下颌会受限 | Facilitates understanding and Culturally adequate |