Table 2 Comparison the mean score for QoL and the VAS scale according to the patients’ demographic characteristics by sex

Age group

≤50y

0.98 ± 0.03

0.91 ± 0.09

0. 93 ± 0.08

74.11 ± 6.11

66.41 ± 9.71

68.75 ± 9.54

51-60y

0.95 ± 0.08

0.83 ± 0.15

0.87 ± 0.14

70.71 ± 9.72

61.18 ± 8.91

64.50 ± 10.24

> 60

0.89 ± 0.14

0.86 ± 0.12

0.88 ± 0.13

66.19 ± 6.45

62.33 ± 8.76

64.28 ± 7.89

F

4.43

4.49

4.00

8.94

4.38

5.09

P value

0.01

0.01

0.01

< 0.001

0.01

0.007

Job

Employed

0.94 ± 0.11

0.93 ± 0.07

0.94 ± 0.10

70.93 ± 8.22

67.77 ± 11.27

70.19 ± 9.04

housewife

–

0.87 ± 0.12

0.87 ± 0.12

–

62.38 ± 8.62

62.38 ± 8.62

others

0.90 ± 0.13

0.72 ± 0.21

0.87 ± 0.16

63.90 ± 7.74

60.00 ± 11.01

65.57 ± 8.82

F or T

1.89

11.38

8.76

3.57

3.53

19.95

P value

0.06

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.002

0.03

< 0.001

Education Level

Illiterate

0.88 ± 0.13

0.87 ± 0.13

0.87 ± 0.13

66.87 ± 11.31

60.90 ± 8.37

61.72 ± 8.96

undergraduate

0.91 ± 0.14

0.88 ± 0.10

0.89 ± 0.12

67.17 ± 7.16

63.63 ± 8.56

65.07 ± 8.18

postgraduate

0.94 ± 0.08

0.80 ± 0.18

0.88 ± 0.15

71.15 ± 8.43

62.97 ± 11.63

65.75 ± 10.36

F

1.44

5.05

0.73

3.73

1.43

7.70

P value

0.24

0.007

0.47

0.02

0.24

0.001

Treatment type

Oral drug

0.93 ± 0.12

0.87 ± 0.13

0.89 ± 0.13

69.42 ± 8.46

63.12 ± 9.52

65.85 ± 9.46

insulin

0.91 ± 0.11

0.83 ± 0.14

0.86 ± 0.13

66.85 ± 6.95

61.57 ± 8.37

63.55 ± 8.23

T

0.62

2.22

2.28

1.01

0.89

1.37

P value

0.53

0.02

0.02

0.30

0.36

0.16

HbA1C

< 7

0.96 ± 0.04

0.86 ± 0.16

0.89 ± 0.14

70.55 ± 7.25

63.84 ± 9.20

65.96 ± 9.13

≥7

0.92 ± 0.13

0.86 ± 0.12

0.88 ± 0.13

68.55 ± 8.35

62.41 ± 9.27

65.06 ± 9.39

T

2.84

0.01

0.47

0.95

0.85

0.66

P value

0.006

0.99

0.63

0.30

0.39

0.50

DM history

<10y

0.95 ± 0.07

0.87 ± 0.12

0.90 ± 0.11

69.93 ± 7.78

63.91 ± 9.09

66.43 ± 9.42

≥10y

0.88 ± 0.17

0.84 ± 0.14

0.85 ± 0.16

66.86 ± 6.63

60.80 ± 9.24

63.15 ± 8.81

T

2.4

1.61

2.83

2.00

2.20

2.98

P value

0.02

0.10

0.005

0.04

0.04

0.003