Cross-cultural adaptions and measurement properties of the WORC (Western Ontario rotator cuff index): a systematic review

Table 2 Cross- cultural adaptions of the WORC into different languages that used the translation-based approach related to the Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaption of Self-Report Measures

Studies	Translation	Synthesis	Back translation	Expert committee review	Pretesting
China [15]	+	+	+	+	+
Dutch [16]	+	+	+	+	?
Dutch [17]	+	+	+	+	+
Dutch [18]	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
French –Canadian [13]	+	+	+	+	+
Japanese [19]	+	+	+	+	?
Norwegian [20]	+	+	+	+	+
Persian [21]	+	+	+	+	+
Polish [22]	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Portuguese-Brazilian [ 23]	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Portuguese-Brazilian [24]	+	+	?	+	+
Spanish [25]	+	+	+	+	+
Swedish [26]	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Turkish [27]	+	+	+	+	+

N/A not applicable – The cross-cultural adaptions was not performed, only the clinimetric tests. Questionnaires used in these studies have been previously translated. + Positive rating, = negative rating; 0 no information available;? unclear

ISSN: 1477-7525