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Table 4 Mixed-effects linear regression estimates for mean differences in HRQoL utility scores by gender, school type and residence in this study

From: Lifestyle-related behaviors and health-related quality of life among children and adolescents in China

 

Gender

School type

Residence

Boys (N = 2204)

Girls (N = 2184)

Primary (N = 1602)

Junior high (N = 1455)

Senior high (N = 1331)

Rural (N = 2030)

Sub-urban (N = 997)

Urban (N = 1361)

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Mean

95% CI

P

Physical activitya

                        

 Insufficient

− 0.02

− 0.04, − 0.01

0.008

− 0.03

− 0.05, − 0.01

0.005

− 0.027

− 0.03, 0.00

0.046

− 0.02

− 0.04, − 0.001

0.043

− 0.04

− 0.07, − 0.01

0.010

− 0.02

− 0.04, − 0.01

0.007

− 0.04

− 0.07, − 0.02

0.001

− 0.01

− 0.05, 0.02

0.406

Screen time

                        

 ≥ 2 h/day

− 0.05

− 0.09, − 0.01

0.009

− 0.04

− 0.09, − 0.001

0.047

− 0.08

− 0.13, − 0.03

0.006

− 0.06

− 0.09, − 0.02

0.005

− 0.003

− 0.06, 0.05

0.903

− 0.06

− 0.10, − 0.01

0.009

− 0.01

− 0.07, 0.05

0.765

− 0.04

− 0.11, 0.02

0.163

Sleeping timeb

                        

 Insufficient

− 0.06

− 0.08, − 0.04

0.000

− 0.05

− 0.07, − 0.03

0.000

− 0.03

− 0.05, − 0.01

0.025

− 0.08

− 0.11, − 0.05

0.000

− 0.06

− 0.10, − 0.02

0.005

− 0.04

− 0.06, − 0.01

0.004

− 0.08

− 0.12, − 0.04

0.000

− 0.08

− 0.11, − 0.05

0.000

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumptionc

                        

 Yes

− 0.01

− 0.03, 0.002

0.085

− 0.04

− 0.06, − 0.02

0.000

− 0.04

− 0.06, − 0.02

0.000

− 0.03

− 0.05, − 0.01

0.001

0.002(0.011)

− 0.02, 0.02

0.883

− 0.02(0.01)

− 0.04, − 0.01

0.003

− 0.03

− 0.06, − 0.01

0.004

− 0.02

− 0.04, 0.001

0.067

Fast food consumption c

                        

 Yes

− 0.02

− 0.04, − 0.01

0.008

− 0.04

− 0.05, − 0.02

0.000

− 0.03

− 0.05, − 0.01

0.011

− 0.03

− 0.06, − 0.00

0.009

− 0.03

− 0.05, − 0.01

0.020

− 0.04(0.01)

− 0.05, − 0.02

0.000

− 0.03

− 0.05, 0.003

0.073

− 0.03

− 0.06, 0.002

0.061

  1. Mixed-effects linear regression analysis with adjustment for age, gender, school type, residence, parental educational attainment, body weight status and class-level clustering effects
  2. aSufficient physical activity refers to at least 60 min/day moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity plus ≥ 3 days muscle/bone-strengthening; while insufficient physical activity means less than 60 min/day moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity or having no ≥ 3 days muscle/bone-strengthening
  3. bSleeping time: sufficient sleeping time was defined as 10 h/day for children aged 7–13, 9 h/day for children aged 13–16, and 8 h/day for those aged 16–19, based on guidelines for promotion of children and adolescents’ physical activity and fitness by The State Council of China
  4. cSugar-sweetened beverage and fast food consumption was separately categorized into: “no” or “yes” based on the weekly consumption frequency, separately