Lifestyle-related behaviors and health-related quality of life among children and adolescents in China

Table 1 Selected characteristics of participants by school type in this study

Variables	Overall (N = 4388)	School type			P value^a
Variables	Overall (N = 4388)	Primary school (N = 1602)	Junior high school (N = 1455)	Senior high school (N = 1331)	P value^a
Age
Mean (SD^b)	13.9 (2.5)	11.2 (0.9)	14.1 (0.9)	16.9 (0.9)
Gender (%)
Boys	50.2	53.9	50.9	45.1	< 0.001
Girls	49.8	46.1	49.1	54.9
Residence (%)
Rural	46.3	44.5	46.5	48.1	0.19
Suburban	22.7	24.5	22.2	21.1
Urban	31.0	31.0	31.3	30.8
Body weight status (%)^c
Non-overweight	72.3	67.8	73.4	76.6	< 0.001
Overweight	16.7	17.8	16.9	15.2
Obesity	11.0	14.4	9.7	8.2
Physical activity (%)^d
Sufficient	21.2	29.3	20.5	12.1	< 0.001
Insufficient	78.8	70.7	79.5	87.9
Screen time (%)
< 2 h/day	96.3	96.8	95.3	96.7	0.06
≥ 2 h/day	3.7	3.2	4.7	3.3
Sleeping time (%)^e
Sufficient	20.0	23.0	19.0	17.5	< 0.001
Insufficient	80.0	77.0	81.0	82.5
Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption^f
No	67.5	71.0	61.9	69.6	< 0.001
Yes	32.5	29.0	38.1	30.4
Fast food consumption^f
No	67.6	62.9	70.9	69.8	< 0.001
Yes	32.4	37.1	29.1	30.2

^aChi-square test
^bSD standard deviation
^cBody weight status was categorized based on age- and gender-specific recommendations for Chinese adolescents
^dSufficient physical activity refers to at least 60 min/day moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity plus ≥ 3 days/week muscle/bone-strengthening; while insufficient physical activity means less than 60 min/day moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity or having no ≥ 3 days/week muscle/bone-strengthening
^eSleeping time: sufficient sleeping time was defined as 10 h/day for children aged 7–13, 9 h/day for children aged 13–16, and 8 h/day for those aged 16–19, based on guidelines for promotion of children and adolescents’ physical activity and fitness by The State Council of China
^fFF and SSB consumption was classified as “no” or “yes” based on the separate consumption frequency

ISSN: 1477-7525