Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Table 6 Known-groups comparison of the Hausa Pain Catastrophizing Scale

From: Development of the Hausa version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation in mixed urban and rural patients with chronic low back pain

	Gender				Habitation
	Male	Female	t-cal	p-value	Urban	Rural	t-cal	p-value
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	t-cal	p-value	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	t-cal	p-value
Total score	30.2 (8.29)	29.8 (8.14)	2.559	0.056	30.2 (7.96)	29.9 (8.41)	0.106	0.745
Rumination	10.5 (3.26)	9.34 (3.53)	2.453	0.068	9.93 (3.57)	10.1 (3.29)	0.126	0.723
Magnification	7.30 (2.56)	6.15 (2.42)	2.593	0.057	6.62 (2.24)	7.05 (2.78)	0.672	0.414
Helplessness	13.1 (4.51)	12.4 (4.47)	1.550	0.207	12.7 (4.04)	13.0 (4.82)	0.065	0.799

SD standard deviation

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ISSN: 1477-7525

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