Development of the Hausa version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation in mixed urban and rural patients with chronic low back pain

Table 4 Confirmatory factor analyses of the Hausa Pain Catastrophizing Scale models (n = 200)

Model and modifications	Confirmatory factor analysis
Model and modifications	χ² (df)	χ²/df	CFI	TLI	SRMR	RMSEA (95%CI)
1. One-factor structure
(a) No modifications	194.9 (65)	3.00	0.796	0.755	0.083	0.100 (0.084–0.117)
(b) With modifications	116.5 (60)	1.94	0.911	0.884	0.065	0.069 (0.050–0.087)
2. Two-factor structure
(a) No modifications	166.9 (64)	2.60	0.838	0.803	0.080	0.090 (0.073–0.107)
(b) With modifications	111.5 (60)	1.85	0.919	0.895	0.066	0.066 (0.046–0.084)
3. Three-factor structure
(a) No modifications	132.4 (62)	2.13	0.889	0.861	0.724	0.076 (0.058–0.093)
(b) With modifications	86.8 (57)	1.52	0.953	0.936	0.056	0.051 (0.028–0.072)

χ² chi-square, df degrees of freedom, CFI comparative fit index, TLI Tucker–Lewis index, SRMR standardized root mean square residual, RMSEA root mean square error of approximation, CI confidence interval

ISSN: 1477-7525