Skip to main content

Table 1 Subject characteristics stratified by race/ethnicity

From: Racial/ethnic differences in health-related quality of life among Hawaii adult population

Variable

All

n (weighted %)

Race/ethnicity, weighted column %

White

n = 17,100 (30.4%)

Chinese

n = 2222 (5.9%)

Filipino

n = 5590 (16.8%)

Japanese

n = 8800 (20.9%)

NHPI

n = 6998 (14.6%)

Hispanic

n = 2036 (5.2%)

Other

n = 2484 (6.2%)

Predisposing variable

        

Sex, male

21,848 (50.0)

54.0

49.8

46.7

46.1

47.7

54.6

54.1

Age

        

 18–44 years

13,975 (46.3)

43.6

40.1

52.1

27.9

63.4

63.9

57.8

 45–64 years

17,334 (33.2)

35.2

34.7

32.7

37.9

25.9

26.7

29.7

 ≥ 65 years

13,921 (20.5)

21.2

25.2

15.2

34.2

10.7

9.4

12.5

Marital status

        

 Married

23,754 (54.5)

58.2

54.9

57.7

55.0

45.1

49.9

52.1

 Single

9931 (27.6)

22.2

29.2

28.2

24.9

38.6

32.4

30.3

 Separated/divorced/widowed

11,366 (17.8)

19.5

15.9

14.0

20.1

16.3

17.7

17.6

Education

        

 ≤ High school graduate

14,245 (39.3)

31.9

27.5

47.9

30.3

59.4

49.9

37.0

 Some college

12,574 (33.5)

34.2

31.4

34.6

34.7

28.3

34.0

36.7

 College graduate

18,308 (27.3)

33.9

41.1

17.5

35.0

12.3

16.1

26.2

Enabling variable

        

Employment, employed

25,208 (61.3)

62.8

57.2

68.1

54.4

61.5

62.7

62.0

Income

        

 < $50,000

21,107 (44.1)

38.5

35.5

55.0

34.2

57.9

2.4

44.1

 ≥ $50,000

19,723 (45.0)

52.5

51.2

32.2

53.5

32.3

38.4

43.6

 Missing

4400 (10.9)

9.0

13.3

12.8

12.3

9.8

9.3

12.3

Housing status, own

26,350 (62.0)

62.3

79.0

57.0

78.8

46.8

44.5

50.9

Residential area, Oahu

22,726 (69.8)

59.3

92.0

71.3

78.9

65.8

62.2

80.3

Having insurance

41,826 (91.6)

92.3

93.4

90.8

95.5

87.1

88.1

89.3

Couldn’t see doctor because of medical cost

3874 (8.6)

8.2

4.9

11.2

2.9

13.5

13.5

10.3

Need variable

        

Exercise

35,087 (79.2)

84.8

78.1

72.1

77.8

76.2

82.9

80.7

Heavy drinking

3378 (7.6)

10.1

3.5

4.8

5.1

10.6

10.3

6.6

Smoking, current

5760 (14.3)

14.1

6.3

12.4

10.4

22.9

18.5

18.0

H/O heart attack

1888 (3.2)

3.6

3.6

2.1

3.3

3.9

2.1

2.9

H/O CHD

1721 (3.0)

3.1

2.6

2.4

3.6

3.4

1.7

3.1

H/O stroke

1548 (2.8)

2.7

3.0

2.1

3.5

3.2

2.2

2.6

H/O asthma

7062 (16.2)

13.7

14.8

14.2

14.6

24.7

22.1

16.6

H/O cancer

6026 (9.1)

16.4

5.3

3.7

8.6

6.0

5.0

4.4

H/O COPD

2281 (4.1)

5.0

2.9

3.0

4.1

4.8

4.2

3.2

H/O arthritis

11,441 (20.1)

22.4

18.3

17.3

22.6

18.1

16.5

17.0

H/O depression

5795 (11.3)

16.1

7.0

6.8

7.0

12.3

17.7

11.3

H/O kidney disease

1832 (3.5)

3.5

2.9

2.9

3.8

4.3

3.5

3.1

H/O diabetes

4973 (9.8)

5.7

9.2

12.2

13.0

12.2

9.3

8.3

Obese/overweight

24,340 (56.6)

54.4

40.7

55.7

51.0

75.3

63.2

54.9

HRQOL measure

        

General health: fair/poor

7103 (14.4)

11.2

12.8

13.9

14.9

21.0

16.9

13.1

Physical healtha

4847 (9.4)

10.0

8.0

7.9

8.3

11.4

11.1

9.0

Mental healtha

3889 (8.6)

9.1

8.0

5.9

5.9

12.0

14.0

10.7

Activity limitationa

1708 (3.3)

4.0

2.3

2.2

1.7

4.9

4.8

4.1

  1. Race/ethnicity was significantly associated with all variables except kidney disease by Rao-Scott’s chi-square test at the significance level of 0.01
  2. NHPI, Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander; H/O, history of; CHD, coronary heart disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HRQOL, health-related quality of life
  3. a≥ 14 unhealthy days or more