Association of academic performance, general health with health-related quality of life in primary and high school students in China

Table 4 Mixed-effects linear regression estimates for associations between academic performance, general health and HRQoL utility scores in participants

	Overall (N = 4388)						Gender						School type
	Model 1			Model 2			Boys (N = 2204)			Girls (N = 2184)			Primary (N = 1602)
	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P
Self-rated academic performance^a
Fair	0.048 (0.015)	0.019, 0.078	0.001	0.045 (0.011)	0.024, 0.066	0.000	0.054(0.012)	0.029, 0.079	0.000	0.035 (0.013)	0.008, 0.061	0.010	0.052 (0.019)	0.013, 0.090	0.009
Good	0.082 (0.015)	0.053, 0.112	0.000	0.074 (0.010)	0.053, 0.095	0.000	0.080(0.012)	0.056, 0.104	0.000	0.066 (0.013)	0.039, 0.092	0.000	0.073(0.019)	0.036, 0.111	0.000
Self-assessed general health status^b
Fair	0.119 (0.018)	0.083, 0.154	0.000	0.111 (0.013)	0.086,0.136	0.000	0.134(0.018)	0.098, 0.170	0.000	0.085 (0.018)	0.050, 0.120	0.000	0.091(0.024)	0.044, 0.138	0.000
Good	0.183 (0.018)	0.148, 0.218	0.000	0.171 (0.013)	0.146, 0.196	0.000	0.193(0.018)	0.157, 0.228	0.000	0.147 (0.018)	0.112, 0.182	0.000	0.154(0.023)	0.108, 0.200	0.000

	School type						Residence
	Junior high (N = 1455)			Senior high (N = 1331)			Rural (N = 2030)			Sub-urban (N = 997)			Urban (N = 1361)
	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P	Mean (SE)	95% CI	P
Self-rated academic performance^a
Fair	0.055(0.018)	0.018, 0.091	0.005	0.032 (0.020)	−0.010, 0.073	0.129	0.036 (0.016)	0.005, 0.067	0.025	0.057 (0.019)	0.019, 0.095	0.004	0.046 (0.020)	0.006, 0.087	0.027
Good	0.075(0.018)	0.039, 0.112	0.000	0.072(0.021)	0.030, 0.113	0.001	0.064 (0.015)	0.033, 0.094	0.000	0.076 (0.019)	0.039, 0.114	0.000	0.082 (0.019)	0.041, 0.122	0.000
Self-assessed general health status^b
Fair	0.143(0.022)	0.099, 0.187	0.000	0.103(0.021)	0.061, 0.144	0.000	0.113 (0.019)	0.075, 0.150	0.000	0.115 (0.028)	0.059, 0.170	0.000	0.099 (0.022)	0.056, 0.142	0.000
Good	0.191(0.022)	0.148, 0.234	0.000	0.173(0.021)	0.131, 0.215	0.000	0.178 (0.019)	0.141, 0.215	0.000	0.170 (0.028)	0.115, 0.225	0.000	0.158 (0.022)	0.115, 0.201	0.000

Mixed-effects linear regression analysis with adjustment for age, gender, school type, residence, body weight status, parental educational attainment, physical activity, screen time, sleep time, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage and fast foods, and class-level clustering effects
^aPoor as the reference group
^bPoor as the reference group

ISSN: 1477-7525