Table 2 Characteristics of the SPF-Q items (n = 216 respondents)
|  | Item | Valid n | Missing | Mean | SD | λ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Being in control | ||||||
1 | Do you feel in control of your life? | 213 | 3 (1%) | 3.00 | 0.84 | 0.885 |
2 | Are you able to manage your life how you like? | 212 | 4 (2%) | 2.52 | 0.76 | 0.697 |
3 | Are you in charge of what happens in your life? | 213 | 3 (1%) | 2.80 | 0.81 | 0.611 |
Avoidance of a loss frame | ||||||
4 | Are you pessimistic about your future?a | 211 | 5 (2%) | 3.23 | 0.78 | 0.856 |
5 | Do you feel helpless?a | 214 | 2 (1%) | 3.30 | 0.79 | 0.871 |
6 | Do you feel that your problems continue to get worse and worse?a | 215 | 1 (1%) | 3.15 | 0.87 | 0.846 |
7 | Do you see opportunities to turn your life in a positive direction? | 211 | 5 (2%) | 2.42 | 0.85 | 0.801 |
Efficiency | ||||||
8 | Do you find enjoyable activities easily? | 212 | 4 (2%) | 2.54 | 0.91 | 0.806 |
9 | Do you do things that are both fun and challenging at the same time? | 214 | 2 (1%) | 2.46 | 0.83 | 0.843 |
10 | Are your daily activities important to you for multiple reasons? | 214 | 2 (1%) | 2.93 | 0.80 | 0.774 |
11 | Do your activities provide you with multiple benefits, such as fun, relaxation, and a social life? | 212 | 4 (2%) | 2.73 | 0.81 | 0.932 |
12 | Are your preferred activities things you do with people who are important to you? | 212 | 4 (2%) | 2.74 | 0.84 | 0.697 |