Table 2 Comparisons of PedsQL scores reported by parents

Types of rare diseases

 Patent ductus arteriosus

65.86 ± 8.88

84.38 ± 8.18

87.75 ± 8.91

88.88 ± 8.95

87.00 ± 6.16

79.65 ± 5.46

 Infantile agranulocytosis

97.01 ± 3.86

94.93 ± 6.18

97.76 ± 5.02

93.13 ± 9.8

95.27 ± 4.55

95.88 ± 3.48

 Autoimmune thrombocytopenia

73.33 ± 4.72

73.04 ± 6.16

75.75 ± 3.47

62.25 ± 7.21

70.35 ± 3.81

71.39 ± 3.27

 Polysyndactyly

90.39 ± 9.76

91.59 ± 9.49

94.09 ± 7.99

91.82 ± 9.27

92.50 ± 6.78

91.77 ± 6.35

 Hirschsprung disease

74.84 ± 10.44

78.56 ± 8.80

77.84 ± 10.16

74.28 ± 10.38

76.89 ± 7.20

76.18 ± 6.92

 Cleft lip and palate

99.02 ± 2.38

96.47 ± 6.35

92.75 ± 11.42

95.49 ± 7.09

94.9 ± 6.160

96.33 ± 4.22

 Tetralogy of fallot

72.38 ± 11.8

80.54 ± 10.77

84.38 ± 11.64

77.41 ± 9.72

80.77 ± 8.72

77.85 ± 8.90

 Myasthenia gravis

96.58 ± 4.72

94.29 ± 5.90

98.69 ± 3.83

94.05 ± 7.90

95.67 ± 3.97

95.99 ± 3.31

 Guillain–barre syndrome

74.34 ± 10.39

86.21 ± 8.48

96.52 ± 5.23

92.88 ± 4.68

91.87 ± 3.25

85.77 ± 4.56

 Glycogen storage disease

76.15 ± 6.69

85.50 ± 9.04

90.33 ± 6.81

84.00 ± 8.14

86.61 ± 4.58

82.97 ± 4.13

 Langerhans cell histiocytosis

73.10 ± 10.74

79.29 ± 11.44

90.89 ± 8.50

69.82 ± 8.44

80.00 ± 5.72

77.60 ± 5.15

χ²

400.95*

338.69*

371.83*

430.23*

471.05*

483.00*

P

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Sex

 Male

79.41 ± 13.45

83.67 ± 11.24

86.42 ± 11.63

80.44 ± 14.72

83.51 ± 10.86

82.08 ± 10.51

 Female

82.94 ± 13.65

84.98 ± 11.85

87.59 ± 11.77

81.94 ± 15

84.84 ± 11.25

84.18 ± 11.12

t

− 3.29

− 1.44

− 1.26

− 1.28

− 1.52

− 2.43

P

0.001

0.151

0.207

0.202

0.130

0.015

Age group

 2–4 year

81.99 ± 14.39

85.45 ± 11.5

86.87 ± 12.43

83.92 ± 13.81

85.41 ± 10.78

84.22 ± 10.98

 5–7 year

80.24 ± 13.08

83.64 ± 11.87

87.11 ± 10.86

79.93 ± 15.59

83.56 ± 11.35

82.41 ± 10.85

 8–12 year

79.58 ± 12.63

81.65 ± 10.72

85.53 ± 11.18

74.76 ± 14.41

80.65 ± 10.73

80.28 ± 10.19

 13–18 year

78.30 ± 11.96

85.28 ± 9.31

93.33 ± 9.70

82.50 ± 13.2

87.04 ± 9.07

84.00 ± 8.03

F (χ²)

3.78*

3.16

2.32

32.11*

5.53

13.36*

P

0.287

0.024

0.074

< 0.001

0.001

0.004

Household registration place

 Hangzhou

85.24 ± 13.48

86.43 ± 11.96

89.49 ± 11.04

84.14 ± 14.58

86.69 ± 11.08

86.18 ± 11.13

Other cities

75.88 ± 12.01

81.68 ± 10.42

83.94 ± 11.74

77.52 ± 14.38

81.05 ± 10.2

79.25 ± 9.14

t

9.37

5.42

6.21

5.81

6.72

8.73

P

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Household types

Urban areas

81.96 ± 13.72

84.66 ± 11.59

87.28 ± 11.82

82.23 ± 14.56

84.72 ± 10.95

83.76 ± 10.89

Rural areas

78.11 ± 13.06

83.08 ± 11.27

85.96 ± 11.33

78.02 ± 15.22

82.35 ± 11.12

80.88 ± 10.35

t

3.31

1.56

1.28

3.24

2.45

3.05

P

0.001

0.119

0.201

0.001

0.015

0.002

Family monthly income per capita

 < ¥5000

79.42 ± 13.79

83.44 ± 10.95

86.46 ± 11.69

81.77 ± 13.55

83.89 ± 10.32

82.33 ± 10.26

 < ¥5000–¥10,000

79.72 ± 12.82

83.53 ± 11.78

85.6 ± 11.69

78.71 ± 15.69

82.61 ± 11.48

81.61 ± 10.74

 > ¥10,000

88.04 ± 13.08

88.17 ± 11.68

91.49 ± 10.68

85.1 ± 15.18

88.25 ± 10.91

88.18 ± 11.08

F (χ²)

17.81

14.352*

20.343

15.451*

20.405*

15.26

P

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001