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Table 1 The PSS items divided into the two proposed subscales; Parental Stress and Lack of Parental Satisfaction

From: The Parental Stress Scale revisited: Rasch-based construct validity for Danish parents of children 2–18 years old with and without behavioral problems

Item

Parental Stress subscale (PS)

3

Caring for my child(ren) sometimes takes more time and energy than I have to give

4

I sometimes worry whether I am doing enough for my child(ren)

9

The major source of stress in my life is my child(ren)

10

Having child(ren) leaves little time and flexibility in my life

11

Having child(ren) has been a financial burdena

12

It is difficult to balance different responsibilities because of my child(ren)

13

The behavior of my child(ren) is often embarrassing or stressful to me

14

If I had it to do over again, I might decide not to have child(ren)

15

I feel overwhelmed by the responsibility of being a parent

16

Having child(ren) has meant having too few choices and too little control over my life

 

Lack of Parental Satisfaction subscale (LPS) – reversely scored items

1

I am happy in my role as a parent

2

There is little or nothing I wouldn’t do for my child(ren) if it was necessarya

5

I feel close to my child(ren)

6

I enjoy spending time with my child(ren)

7

My child(ren) is an important source of affection for me

8

Having child(ren) gives me a more certain and optimistic view for the future

17

I am satisfied as a parent

18

I find my child(ren) enjoyable

  1. aitems excluded from final models