Measuring health-related quality of life in chronic otitis media in a Chinese population: cultural adaption and validation of the Zurich Chronic Middle Ear Inventory (ZCMEI-21-Chn)

Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the individual items (ZCMEI-21-Chn)

Number	Subscale/Item	Mean	Min-Max	ITC (adjusted)	Cronbach’s α
I.	Ear Symptoms and Signs				0.60
1.	Ear Pain	0.81	0–4	0.30
2.	Discharge	1.80	0–4	0.30
3.	Itching	1.27	0–4	0.42
4.	Feeling of Pressure	1.68	0–4	0.43
5.	Dizziness	0.32	0–4	0.26
II.	Hearing				0.77
6.	Tinnitus	1.63	0–4	0.32
7.	Hearing (filter question)	2.47	0–4	0.47
8.	When many people speak at the same time	1.80	0–4	0.57
9.	Telephone, alarm clock	1.00	0–4	0.50
10.	Fear of not hearing other people	1.77	0–4	0.55
III.	Psychosocial Impact				0.86
11.	Impact of ear symptoms on HRQoL	2.35	0–4	0.64
12.	Activities with family and friends	1.21	0–4	0.64
13.	In public (e.g. school/occupation, shopping)	1.39	0–4	0.73
14.	Making contact with other people	1.45	0–4	0.70
15.	Quality of sleep	1.35	0–4	0.60
16.	Sadness	1.63	0–4	0.62
17.	Fear that the ear problems may persist	2.31	0–4	0.50
18.	Protection from water	1.74	0–4	0.27
IV.	Medical Resources				0.71
19.	Medical consultations	1.46	0–4	0.31
20.	Antibiotics (oral)	1.11	0–4	0.32
21.	Ear drops	1.41	0–4	0.37

ISSN: 1477-7525