Table 2 Mean EQ-5D-3 L summary score at T1, conventional change and retrospective change between EQ-5D-3 L summary scores at T1 and T2 and magnitude of recall bias and response shift

550^c

0.482

(SD 0.30)

0.735

(SD 0.24)

0.419

(SD 0.35)

0.254

(SD 0.29)

0.316

(SD 0.31)

0.489^*

0.462

(SD 0.34)

−0.020

(SD 0.30)

− 0.063

(SD 0.31)

0.681^*

308

0.500

(SD 0.31)

0.741

(SD 0.25)

0.450

(SD 0.36)

0.242

(SD 0.31)

0.292

(SD 0.33)

0.545^*

0.506

(SD 0.35)

0.007

(SD 0.31)

−0.050

(SD 0.30)

0.705^*

242

0.459

(SD 0.28)

0.728

(SD 0.23)

0.380

(SD 0.33)

0.269

(0.26)

0.348

(SD 0.30)

0.391^*

0.405

(SD 0.33)

−0.054

(SD 0.29)

− 0.079

(SD 0.31)

0.648^*

285

0.452

(SD 0.29)

0.741

(SD 0.24)

0.373

(SD 0.34)

0.289

(SD 0.29)

0.369

(SD 0.32)

0.516^*

0.425

(SD 0.34)

−0.028

(SD 0.31)

− 0.080

(SD 0.30)

0.749^*

265

0.513

(SD 0.30)

0.729

(SD 0.24)

0.469

(SD 0.35)

0.216

(SD 0.29)

0.260

(SD 0.30)

0.435^*

0.501

(SD 0.35)

−0.012

(SD 0.29)

− 0.044

(SD 0.31)

0.608^*

127

0.503

(SD 0.33)

0.697

(SD 0.26)

0.443

(SD 0.37)

0.193

(SD 0.30)

0.254

(SD 0.30)

0.439^*

0.489

(SD 0.35)

−0.015

(SD 0.32)

− 0.060

(SD 0.32)

0.661^*

214

0.492

(SD 0.30)

0.740

(SD 0.25)

0.406

(SD 0.350)

0.248

(SD 0.30)

0.334

(SD 0.30)

0.458^*

0.451

(SD 0.36)

−0.041

(SD 0.32)

−0.086

(SD 0.31)

0.717^*

199

0.447

(SD 0.27)

0.752

(SD 0.23)

0.403

(SD 0.34)

0.305

(SD 0.26)

0.349

(SD 0.33)

0.543^*

0.448

(SD 0.33)

0.012

(SD 0.26)

−0.044

(SD 0.28)

0.650^*

231

0.499

(SD 0.28)

0.784

(SD 0.24)

0.437

(SD 0.33)

0.285

(SD 0.28)

0.347

(SD 0.31)

0.532^*

0.480

(SD 0.32)

−0.019

(SD 0.30)

−0.062

(SD 0.29)

0.736^*

309

0.472

(SD 0.31)

0.702

(SD 0.24)

0.407

(SD 0.36)

0.230

(SD 0.29)

0.295

(SD 0.32)

0.450^*

0.452

(SD 0.36)

−0.020

(SD 0.30)

−0.065

(SD 0.32)

0.655^*

513

0.493

(SD 0.29)

0.741

(SD 0.24)

0.433

(SD 0.34)

0.248

(SD 0.29)

0.308

(SD 0.31)

0.503^*

0.474

(SD 0.34)

−0.019

(SD 0.30)

−0.060

(SD 0.30)

0.670^*

35

0.350

(SD 0.30)

0.659

(SD 0.28)

0.229

(SD 0.40)

0.309

(SD 0.29)

0.429

(SD 0.36)

0.315^*

0.289

(SD 0.38)

−0.061

(SD 0.34)

−0.120

(SD 0.39)

0.740^*

384

0.432

(SD 0.28)

0.721

(SD 0.24)

0.383

(SD 0.33)

0.290

(SD 0.28)

0.338

(SD 0.31)

0.461^*

0.428

(SD 0.33)

−0.004

(SD 0.30)

−0.048

(SD 0.31)

0.656^*

166

0.598

(SD 0.30)

0.768

(SD 0.25)

0.501

(SD 0.38)

0.171

(SD 0.28)

0.267

(SD 0.31)

0.525^*

0.539

(SD 0.37)

−0.058

(SD 0.29)

−0.096

(SD 0.29)

0.742^*

451

0.490

(SD 0.29)

0.759

(SD 0.22)

0.423

(SD 0.34)

0.269

(SD 0.28)

0.337

(SD 0.31)

0.518^*

0.471

(SD 0.34)

−0.019

(SD 0.30)

−0.068

(SD 0.29)

0.684^*

41

0.345

(SD 0.35)

0.487

(SD 0.35)

0.270

(SD 0.43)

0.142

(SD 0.41)

0.216

(SD 0.35)

0.294^*

0.252

(SD 0.36)

−0.093

(SD 0.37)

− 0.075

(SD 0.45)

0.780^*