Table 3 Correlation between PedsQL™ 4.0 HRQoL scores and demographic factors
Demographic | Mean (SD) Scores | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Summary Score | Physical Health Summary | Psychosocial Health Summary | Emotional Functioning | Social Functioning | School Functioning | |
All Patients (n = 368) | 80.12 (13.87) | 82.21 (16.82) | 79.39 (14.81) | 78.95 (19.11) | 88.80 (14.02) | 69.52 (20.92) |
Age (Years) | ||||||
2–4.9 (n = 36) | 86.18 (13.15) | 93.19 (7.69) | 83.60 (15.86) | 77.63 (19.43) | 94.44 (9.78) | 74.27 (37.43) |
5–7.9 (n = 62) | 80.96 (12.62) | 83.57 (15.00) | 80.10 (14.02) | 77.61 (18.18) | 91.61 (11.52) | 71.08 (19.38) |
8–12.9 (n = 134) | 80.17 (14.28) | 81.48 (17.57) | 79.73 (14.78) | 79.97 (19.13) | 89.10 (13.47) | 69.89 (19.86) |
13–18.9 (n = 136) | 78.04 (13.82) | 79.32 (17.52) | 77.57 (14.81) | 78.89 (19.60) | 85.64 (15.82) | 67.53 (15.82) |
p-Value¥ | 0.005* | < 0.001* | 0.056 | 0.706 | 0.001* | 0.012* |
Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient* | −0.157* | −0.197* | −0.126* | 0.036 | −0.206* | −0.149* |
Gender | ||||||
Female (n = 190) | 79.26 (14.23) | 80.13 (18.38) | 78.95 (14.99) | 79.06 (19.89) | 88.24 (14.39) | 68.87 (14.39) |
Male (n = 178) | 81.05 (13.46) | 84.44 (14.70) | 79.85 (14.64) | 78.82 (18.31) | 89.40 (13.62) | 70.24 (20.24) |
p-Value¶ | 0.254 | 0.05 | 0.597 | 0.63 | 0.387 | 0.805 |
Point Biserial Correlation | −0.065 | −0.128* | −0.03 | 0.006 | −0.041 | − 0.033 |
Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | − 0.129 | − 0.258 | −0.06 | 0.012 | −0.083 | − 0.064 |
Source of survey | ||||||
Parent-Proxy reported (n = 257) | 80.52 (13.77) | 82.88 (16.44) | 79.69 (14.75) | 78.94 (18.69) | 89.69 (13.42) | 69.47 (21.92) |
Self-Reported (n = 111) | 79.18 (14.14) | 80.60 (17.68) | 78.67 (15.01) | 78.95 (20.21) | 86.68 (15.20) | 69.66 (18.42) |
p-Value¶ | 0.405 | 0.263 | 0.528 | 0.738 | 0.036* | 0.738 |
Point Biserial Correlation | −0.043 | −0.062 | −0.031 | 0.0003 | −0.098 | 0.004 |
Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | −0.096 | −0.136 | − 0.069 | < 0.001 | − 0.215 | 0.009 |
Years of Transfusion | ||||||
Less than 10 years (n = 242) | 81.25 (13.34) | 83.51 (16.32) | 8045 (14.22) | 79.21 (18.43) | 90.66 (12.25) | 70.53 (21.56) |
More than 10 years (n = 126) | 77.92 (14.65) | 79.67 (17.55) | 77.31 (15.77) | 78.43 (20.47) | 85.16 (16.41) | 67.59 (19.59) |
p-Value¶ | 0.042* | 0.045* | 0.08 | 0.969 | 0.001* | 0.105 |
Point Biserial Correlation | 0.114* | 0.108* | 0.101 | 0.019 | 0.186* | 0.067 |
Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | 0.24 | 0.228 | 0.213 | 0.041 | 0.398 | 0.14 |
Presence of Iron Overload Complication | ||||||
Absent (n = 267) | 81.00 (13.61) | 83.62 (16.21) | 80.09 (14.76) | 79.17 (19.12) | 89.64 (13.52) | 70.48 (21.30) |
Present (n = 101) | 77.78 (14.34) | 78.44 (17.90) | 77.52 (14.88) | 78.34 (19.21) | 86.57 (15.11) | 67.01 (19.76) |
p-Value¶ | 0.044 | 0.011 | 0.094 | 0.743 | 0.068 | 0.091 |
Point Biserial Correlation | 0.103 | 0.137 | 0.078 | 0.019 | 0.098 | 0.074 |
Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | 0.233 | 0.31 | 0.174 | 0.043 | 0.22 | 0.166 |
Endocrine (n = 57) | 80.12 (13.02) | 80.26 (18.45) | 80.00 (13.29) | 81.91 (18.11) | 87.36 (15.39) | 70.31 (17.78) |
Liver (n = 24) | 74.38 (16.57) | 74.61 (17.42) | 74.31 (17.22) | 82.92 (19.67) | 86.45 (16.38) | 63.54 (24.02) |
Cardiac (n = 3) | 83.33 (11.16) | 83.33 (10.04) | 83.33 (12.01) | 83.33 (20.82) | 86.67 (10.41) | 80.00 (18.03) |
Multi-system (n = 20) | 75.44 (14.49) | 79.13 (17.24) | 74.18 (15.36) | 74.8 (19.86) | 84.25 (12.80) | 61.84 (18.42) |
p-Value¥ | 0.155 | 0.074 | 0.217 | 0.241 | 0.175 | 0.149 |
Number of Iron Chelating Agents Used | ||||||
Monotherapy (n = 304) | 81.41 (12.87) | 83.27 (15.71) | 80.76 (13.75) | 80.18 (18.14) | 90.28 (12.67) | 70.95 (20.47) |
Dual Therapy (n = 64) | 73.88 (16.75) | 77.03 (20.84) | 72.76 (17.84) | 72.95 (22.52) | 81.61 (17.71) | 62.63 (17.71) |
p-Value¶ | 0.001* | 0.049* | < 0.001* | 0.032* | < 0.001* | 0.008* |
Point Biserial Correlation | 0.204* | 0.14* | 0.203* | 0.142* | 0.233* | 0.15* |
Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | 0.554 | 0.374 | 0.551 | 0.381 | 0.635 | 0.401 |
Route of Iron Chelation Administration | ||||||
Subcutaneous (SC) Only (n = 42) | 80.03 (12.46) | 79.89 (16.33) | 80.08 (13.27) | 80.85 (20.09) | 89.14 (12.49) | 69.62 (19.91) |
Oral (PO) Only (n = 268) | 81.65 (12.93) | 83.69 (15.70) | 80.93 (13.89) | 80.09 (18.01) | 90.45 (12.66) | 71.39 (20.55) |
Combination of SC + PO (n = 58) | 72.94 (16.87) | 76.84 (20.92) | 71.57 (17.66) | 72.11 (22.22) | 80.71 (18.10) | 60.56 (12.45) |
p-Value¥ | 0.001* | 0.041* | < 0.001* | 0.049* | < 0.001* | 0.004* |
Iron Chelation Therapy | ||||||
SC Desferrioxamine (n = 42) | 80.02 (12.46) | 79.87 (16.33) | 80.08 (13.27) | 80.85 (20.09) | 89.14 (12.49) | 69.62 (19.91) |
PO Deferasirox (n = 233) | 81.58 (12.89) | 83.64 (15.81) | 80.85 (13.78) | 80.16 (17.80) | 90.43 (12.78) | 70.98 (20.66) |
PO Deferiprone (n = 29) | 82.03 (13.57) | 85.27 (13.44) | 80.96 (14.71) | 79.28 (18.59) | 90.71 (12.30) | 72.63 (20.34) |
SC Desferrioxamine + PO Deferiprone (n = 41) | 76.13 (16.10) | 81.46 (19.54) | 74.25 (17.67) | 76.97 (22.49) | 81.67 (18.86) | 62.36 (19.98) |
SC Desferrioxamine + PO Deferasirox (n = 17) | 65.62 (16.76) | 66.25 (20.64) | 65.41 (16.51) | 60.94 (17.52) | 78.53 (16.56) | 56.76 (24.49) |
PO Deferiprone + PO Deferasirox (n = 6) | 82.60 (13.70) | 78.75 (21.92) | 83.89 (16.92) | 80.83 (25.96) | 90.00 (11.40) | 80.83 (18.28) |
p-Value¥ | 0.003* | 0.013* | 0.002* | 0.011* | 0.007* | 0.031* |
History of Serious Adverse Event with Iron Chelation Therapy | ||||||
No (n = 345) | 80.16 (13.85) | 82.22 (16.90) | 79.44 (14.74) | 78.93 (18.96) | 88.82 (13.76) | 69.65 (20.80) |
Yes (n = 23) | 79.62 (14.52) | 82.02 (15.76) | 78.58 (16.37) | 79.09 (21.95) | 88.57 (18.04) | 67.37 (23.41) |
p-Value¶ | 0.913 | 0.815 | 0.912 | 0.807 | 0.558 | 0.692 |
Point Biserial Correlation | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.013 | −0.002 | 0.004 | 0.025 |
Effect Size (Cohen’s d) | 0.039 | 0.012 | 0.058 | −0.008 | 0.017 | 0.109 |