Skip to main content

Table 5 LEIPAD ‘Depression and Anxiety’ scale: ordinal logistic regressions (cumulative logit models)

From: Health-related quality of life among community-dwelling people aged 80 years and over: a cross-sectional study in France

  

Bivariate ordinal

logistic regression

Multivariate ordinal logistic regression a

 

Prevalence of ‘poor’ HRQoL (%)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

AOR (95% CI)

p-value

Gender

 Male

22.0

Ref

 

Ref

 

 Female

33.0

2.44 (1.40–4.27)

0.0018

2.24 (1.20–4.16)

0.0111

Age

 (years)

84.4 (3.4) b

1.06 (0.98–1.16)

0.1349

1.02 (0.93–1.11)

0.7051

Marital status

 Married or with a partner

28.8

Ref

   

 Never-married, widowed, divorced

27.0

1.27 (0.73–2.20)

0.3939

  

Educational level

 High school or higher education

21.1

Ref

   

 Pre-high school

30.2

1.39 (0.71–2.71)

0.3382

  

Driving a car

 Yes

21.5

Ref

   

 No

37.9

2.48 (1.39–4.42)

0.0021

  

Hospital admission during the previous 12 months

 No

25.6

Ref

   

 Yes

36.6

1.47 (0.77–2.80)

0.2460

  

Number of health problems

5.2 (2.0) b

1.23 (1.07–1.41)

0.0043

  

Life events during the previous 12 months

Illness

  No

25.6

Ref

   

  Yes

35.3

1.90 (1.04–3.49)

0.0383

  

Poor health

  No

21.6

Ref

 

Ref

 

  Yes

47.7

3.42 (1.77–6.61)

0.0003

2.56 (1.27–5.13)

0.0082

Daily care of a relative or friend

  No

24.3

Ref

   

  Yes

46.4

2.57 (1.20–5.51)

0.0152

  

Bereavement

  No

20.9

Ref

 

Ref

 

  Yes

51.3

3.78 (1.89–7.55)

0.0002

3.09 (1.48–6.42)

0.0026

Serious illness of a relative or friend

  No

22.5

Ref

 

Ref

 

  Yes

41.7

2.41 (1.29–4.52)

0.0060

1.97 (0.99–3.92)

0.0526

Problems(s) with offspring

  No

27.5

Ref

   

  Yes

30.8

1.88 (0.87–4.08)

0.1094

  

Relational problem(s) with friends or relatives

  No

26.6

Ref

   

  Yes

50.0

2.82 (0.84–9.46)

0.0939

  

Unsatisfactory environment

  No

26.5

Ref

   

  Yes

46.2

3.25 (1.10–9.60)

0.0333

  

Perceived modest income

  No

23.1

Ref

   

  Yes

39.2

2.24 (1.21–4.15)

0.0100

  

Financial worries

  No

29.6

Ref

   

  Yes

12.5

1.12 (0.60–2.09)

0.7260

  
  1. Ordinal logistic regressions: (1) LEIPAD ‘Depression and Anxiety’ categorized score (‘poor’, ‘average’ or ‘good’ HRQoL) was used as the dependent variable. (2) Independent variables were entered as categorical variables, except for age and number of health problems which were entered as continuous variables. (3) OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval; AOR adjusted odds ratio
  2. a Multiple regression: adjusted for sex, age and for all variables included in the model
  3. b Mean (SD) in the ‘poor’ HRQoL category
  4. Statistical significance is shown in bold type
Back to article page

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

ISSN: 1477-7525

Contact us