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Table 2 PedsQL-YA scores and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for young adults with T1DM compared to two norm groups (healthy and chronic disease) for age group 18–25

From: The impact of type 1 diabetes on young adults’ health-related quality of life

 

Diabetes

Healthy

 

Chronic Disease

 
 

N = 165

N = 310

 

N = 75

 
 

M (SD)

M (SD)

d

M (SD)

d

Total

79.0 (15.3)

85.9 (11.2)

0.6

75.2 (15.1)

− 0.2

Physical

84.5 (15.9)

90.2 (12.5)

0.5

77.8 (20.5)

−0.3

Emotional

70.9 (21.9)

78.4 (17.7)

0.4

69.7 (18.1)

−0.1

Social

86.2 (15.1)

88.4 (13.7)

0.2

79.2 (17.4)

−0.4

School

71.0 (19.0)

84.0 (14.3)

0.9

72.7 (16.9)

0.1

  1. Note. Higher scores indicate better HRQOL; Norm data (healthy and chronic disease) taken from Limperg et al. [24]