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Table 2 Comparison of domains of HRQOL between group of parents of CHD children and group of parents of children with minor illnesses (control) using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. (Data shown as mean ± SD)

From: Assessment of quality of life among parents of children with congenital heart disease using WHOQOL-BREF: a cross-sectional study from Northwest Saudi Arabia

Domains of the questionnaire

Parents of CHD children (n = 120)

Parents of children with minor illnesses (Control group) (n = 80)

Class I subgroup (n = 54)

Class II subgroup (n = 31)

Class III subgroup (n = 23)

Class IV subgroup (n = 12)

Total group of parents of CHD children (n = 120)

D1- Physical

66.31 ± 9.5

59.14 ± 12.3

54.49 ± 13.4

42.76 ± 13.2

55.68 ± 12.1

88.64 ± 9.02 *

D2- Psychological

62.12 ± 7.3

50.35 ± 9.8

45.87 ± 11.9

39.13 ± 9.9

49.37 ± 9.7

79.56 ± 11.3 *

D3- Social

65.4 ± 12.8

49.19 ± 11.2

52.13 ± 14.2

45.67 ± 14.3

53.1 ± 13.1

89.37 ± 13.7 *

D4- Environmental

59.89 ± 11.5

56.89 ± 9.2

55.18 ± 9.7

47.89 ± 11.5

54.96 ± 10.5

84.61 ± 8.7 *

-Perception of QOL

55.39 ± 9.2

51.74 ± 10.4

52.9 ± 7.9

43.12 ± 13.9

50.78 ± 10.4

86.05 ± 11.8 *

-Health satisfaction

54.19 ± 12.4

54.91 ± 7.8

55.29 ± 9.8

48.3 ± 9.4

53.17 ± 9.8

82.39 ± 12.3 *

Total score of domains

60.55 ± 10.5

53.7 ± 10.1 #

52.64 ± 11.2 #

44.47 ± 12 ###

52.84 ± 11

85.2 ± 11.1 *

  1. *P <0.001 compared to total group of parents of CHD children {Unpaired T-test with Welch’s correction test was used for comparison between total group of parents of CHD children and control (group of parents of children with minor illnesses)}
  2. #P < 0.05, ### P <0.001 compared to total score of domains of Class I subgroup {One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey Multiple Comparison Test as post hoc test was used for comparison between total score of domains of class I subgroup and other subgroups of parents of CHD children (class II, III, IV)}