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Table 4 Construct validity; differences on the Nor-SWAL-QOL between oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and control group (known-groups validity)

From: Cultural adaptation and validation of the Norwegian version of the swallowing quality of life questionnaire (SWAL-QOL)

Nor-SWAL-QOL

OD group

Control group

Mann-Whitney U

Effect size r

n

Mean (SD)

n

Mean (SD)

Sign. (two-tailed)

Burden

101

44.6 (28.2)

123

99.9 (1.1)

p < 0.001

0.91

Food selection

102

57.3 (31.7)

123

99.4 (3.9)

p < 0.001

0.81

Eating duration

102

40.0 (29.7)

122

98.9 (4.4)

p < 0.001

0.87

Eating desire

102

65.6 (28.9)

122

97.5 (8.8)

p < 0.001

0.73

Fear of eating

102

62.3 (27.6)

123

99.5 (2.3)

p < 0.001

0.83

Sleep

102

60.0 (31.0)

123

86.5 (18.5)

p < 0.001

0.45

Fatigue

101

52.9 (28.2)

123

87.5 (16.5)

p < 0.001

0.62

Communication

102

61.9 (33.0)

123

99.7 (2.5)

p < 0.001

0.76

Mental Health

102

46.3 (28.2)

123

99.9 (.902)

p < 0.001

0.91

Social functioning

102

54.4 (31.4)

123

100 (.000)

p < 0.001

0.85

Symptom frequency battery

99

55.6 (19.4)

123

97.5 (4.2)

p < 0.001

0.86