Table 2 The role of SEP in explaining ethnic inequalities in oral health outcomes
From: Socioeconomic inequalities in adult oral health across different ethnic groups in England
Prevalence | Model 1a | Model 2a | Model 3a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | [95% CI] | ORb [95% CI] | ORb [95% CI] | ORb [95% CI] | |
Regression models for edentulousness (n = 45,599) | |||||
Ethnicity | |||||
White British | 11.6 | [11.2–12.0] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
Irish | 12.1 | [10.4–13.7] | 1.05 [0.89–1.23] | 1.25 [1.03–1.52]c | 1.16 [0.94–1.41] |
Black Caribbean | 11.0 | [9.2–12.7] | 0.94 [0.78–1.12] | 1.72 [1.39–2.14]e | 1.13 [0.90–1.42] |
Indian | 3.9 | [2.9–4.9] | 0.31 [0.23–0.41]e | 0.64 [0.47–0.87]d | 0.55 [0.40–0.76]e |
Pakistani | 2.6 | [1.7–3.5] | 0.21 [0.14–0.29]e | 0.93 [0.63–1.37] | 0.56 [0.38–0.83]d |
Bangladeshi | 2.8 | [1.8–3.8] | 0.22 [0.15–0.32]e | 0.80 [0.53–1.22] | 0.35 [0.23–0.52]e |
Chinese | 2.9 | [1.6–4.2] | 0.23 [0.14–0.36]e | 0.53 [0.34–0.85]d | 0.41 [0.25–0.66]e |
SEP measure | |||||
Q1 (wealthiest) | 0.9 | [0.7–1.2] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
Q2 | 2.5 | [2.1–2.9] | 2.70 [1.95–3.75]e | 1.79 [1.28–2.50]d | 1.80 [1.29–2.51]d |
Q3 | 6.6 | [5.9–7.3] | 7.51 [5.54–10.16]e | 3.72 [2.72–5.08]e | 3.77 [2.76–5.14]e |
Q4 | 15.1 | [14.2–16.1] | 18.91 [14.13–25.32]e | 5.78 [4.28–7.81]e | 5.91 [4.37–8.00]e |
Q5 (poorest) | 29.0 | [27.9–30.2] | 43.40 [32.55–57.88]e | 11.81 [8.77–15.91]e | 12.31 [9.12–16.63]e |
Regression models for toothache (n = 40,737) | |||||
Ethnicity | |||||
White British | 20.9 | [20.3–21.5] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
Irish | 24.8 | [22.5–27.2] | 1.25 [1.10–1.42]d | 1.21 [1.06–1.38]d | 1.22 [1.06–1.39]d |
Black Caribbean | 29.6 | [26.9–32.2] | 1.59 [1.39–1.81]e | 1.43 [1.25–1.65]e | 1.37 [1.19–1.58]e |
Indian | 24.9 | [22.5–27.4] | 1.26 [1.10–1.44]d | 1.15 [1.00–1.32]c | 1.13 [0.98–1.30] |
Pakistani | 26.3 | [23.7–28.9] | 1.35 [1.18–1.55]e | 1.16 [1.01–1.35]c | 1.09 [0.93–1.26] |
Bangladeshi | 22.5 | [19.6–25.4] | 1.10 [0.93–1.30] | 0.93 [0.78–1.11] | 0.83 [0.69–0.99]c |
Chinese | 20.6 | [17.3–23.9] | 0.98 [0.80–1.20] | 0.87 [0.71–1.08] | 0.86 [0.69–1.06] |
SEP measure | |||||
Q1 (wealthiest) | 20.8 | [19.7–21.9] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
Q2 | 20.5 | [19.4–21.5] | 0.99 [0.90–1.09] | 0.99 [0.90–1.10] | 0.99 [0.90–1.10] |
Q3 | 21.9 | [20.9–23.0] | 1.05 [0.95–1.15] | 1.06 [0.96–1.17] | 1.06 [0.96–1.17] |
Q4 | 21.6 | [20.5–22.8] | 1.05 [0.95–1.16] | 1.10 [0.99–1.21] | 1.10 [0.99–1.21] |
Q5 (poorest) | 24.3 | [23.0–25.5] | 1.21 [1.10–1.33]e | 1.26 [1.15–1.39]e | 1.27 [1.15–1.40]e |