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Table 2 General characteristics of the included patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)

From: A systematic literature review of patient-reported outcome measures used in gout: an evaluation of their content and measurement properties

 

OMERACT core outcome domains

Feasibility

Instrument

Target population

Subscale (number of items)

Acute gouta

Chronic goutb

Readabilityc

Availability

Multidimensional scales

SF-36v2 [34,35,36,37, 41, 43, 44]

Generic

Physical functioning (10), role-physical (4), bodily pain (2), general health (5), vitality (4), social functioning (2), role-emotional (3), mental health (5)

P, PGA, AL

HRQOL, P, PGA, AL

5.6

License fee may apply

MOS-20 [33]

Generic

Physical function (6), role functional (2), social functioning (1), mental health (5), current perception of health (5), pain (1)

P, PGA, AL

HRQOL, P, PGA, AL

6.5

Freely available

AIMS [33]

Arthritis

Mobility (4), physical activity (5), dexterity (5), household activity (7), social activities (4), activities of daily living (4), pain (4), depression (6), anxiety (6)

P, AL

HRQOL, P, AL

5.6

Freely available

GAQ 2.0 [34, 41, 43]

Gout

GIS (24), consists of 5 subscales: gout concern overall (4), gout medication side effects (2), unmet gout treatment need (3), well-being during attack (11), gout concern during attack (4)

PGA

AGA, HRQOL, P, PGA

7.2d

Freely available

Unidimensional scales

HAQ-DI [15, 32, 33, 37,38,39,40,41, 43]

Generic

(43)e

AL

AL

4.6

Freely available

HAQ-II [15, 36, 37]

Rheumatic conditions

(10)

AL

AL

4.0

Freely available

TIQ-20 [42]

Tophaceous gout

(20)

TB

5.6

Freely available

RA-WIS [36]

RA

(23)

3.7

License fee may apply

Single-item PROMs

VAS painf [15, 35]

Multiple

(1)

P

P

3.3g

Freely available

Likert painh [15]

Multiple

(1)

P

P

n/a

Freely available

NRS paini [15]

Multiple

(1)

P

P

n/a

Freely available

VAS PGAj [15, 35]

Multiple

(1)

PGA

PGA

11.9k

Freely available

Physical function NRSl [15]

Gout

(1)

AL

AL

12.7m

Freely available

  1. aOMERACT mandatory core outcome domains for acute gout are pain (P), joint swelling (JS), joint tenderness (JT), patient global assessment (PGA), activity limitation (AL) [10]
  2. bOMERACT mandatory core outcome domains for chronic gout: serum uric acid (sUA), acute gout attack (AGA), tophus burden (TB), Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), activity limitations (AL), pain (P), patient global assessment (PGA) [10]
  3. cA Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score of ≤6 was desired, equivalent to 6th-grade education level or lower in the United States (12 years or lower)
  4. dRated for the GIS section of the GAQ2.0 only
  5. eBased upon the HAQ-DI Dutch consensus [51]
  6. f100 mm VAS (0 = no to 100 = severe pain)
  7. gRated for the following item “How much pain have you had because of your illness in the past week?” [35]
  8. h5-point Likert scale (0 = no pain, 1 = mild pain, 2 = moderate pain, 3 = severe pain, 4 = extreme pain)
  9. i11-point NRS (0 = no pain to 10 = extreme pain)
  10. j100 mm VAS (0 = very well to 100 = very poor)
  11. kRated for the following item “Considering all the ways that your arthritis affects you, rate how you are doing today on the following scale by placing a vertical mark on the line” [35]
  12. l11-point NRS from WPAI:SHP v2.0 (0 = had no effect on my daily activities to 100 = completely prevented me from doing my daily activities) [52]
  13. mRated for the following questionnaire item “During the past 7 days, how much did your gout attack affect your ability to do your regular daily activities, other than work at a job?”
  14. PROMs patient-reported outcome measures; OMERACT outcome measures in rheumatology, RA rheumatoid arthritis, SF-36v2 Short Form-36 item version 2, MOS-20 Medical Outcomes Study 20-item Short Form Health Survey, AIMS Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales, GAQ 2.0 Gout Assessment Questionnaire 2.0, GIS Gout Impact Scale, HAQ-DI Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Inde, HAQ-II Health Assessment Questionnaire-II, TIQ-20 20-item Tophus Impact Questionnaire, RA-WIS Rheumatoid Arthritis-Work Instability Scale, VAS Visual Analogue Scale, NRS Numeric Rating Scale, PGA patient global assessment, not applicable, n/a not available