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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of a sample of CHF patients, who completed the C-WEMWBS (n = 191)

From: Applicability and cross-cultural validation of the Chinese version of the Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale in patients with chronic heart failure

Characteristics

Variables

Frequency (%)

Mean (SD)

t/F (df)

P value

Gender

Male

117(61.3%)

43.37(12.99)

1.551(189)

0.099

Female

74(38.7)

40.65(9.64)

Age

≤60

27(14.1%)

50.67(10.86)

14.560(2)

2, 0.000*

60–80

103(53.9%)

43.17(11.22)

≥80

61(31.9)

37.16(10.96)

Marriage

With spouse

157(82.2)

43.51(11.31)

2.819(44.73)

0.007*

Without spouse

34(17.8)

36.79(12.86)

Education level

Elementary education

131(68.6%)

39.92(11.21)

9.693(2)

0.000*

Secondary education

48(25.1%)

46.85(11.93)

College education

12(6.3)

50.25(10.27)

Comorbidities

None

66(34.6%)

42.88(11.23)

0.620(2)

2,0.539

1–3

101(52.9%)

41.50(12.35)

>3

24(12.5%)

44.08(11.19)

CCI

1

104(54.5)

44.65(10.79)

3.008(171.135)

0.003

2

79(44.5)

39.52 (12.50)

NYHA

II

57(29.8)

46.04(12.02)

5.542(2)

2,0.005

III

90(47.1)

41.88(11.14)

IV

44(23.0)

38.39(11.88)

Personality

Optimistic

25(13.1)

53.36(9.75)

23.281(2)

2,0.000*

Pessimistic

56(29.3)

36.05(9.79)

Median

110(57.6)

42.99(11.26)

LVEF

≤40%

64(33.5%)

43.58(13.28)

0.986(108.14)

0.326

>40

127(66.5%)

41.68(11.06)

  1. *:P < 0.01