Differences in quality of life among older adults in Brazil according to smoking status and nicotine dependence

Table 3 Coefficients of multivariable linear regression examining the association between smoking categories and quality of life indicators. Uberaba, Brazil

	WHOQOL-BREF				WHOQOL-OLD
Variables	Physical	Psychological	Social relationship	Environmental	Sensory abilities	Autonomy	Past, present and future activities	Social participation	Death and Dying	Intimacy
Smoking categories
Never smoker (ref)
Past smoker	−0.1	0.1	−0.0	− 0.4	1.9	0.6	0.1	− 0.5	1.9	−0.6
Current smoker	−1.1	− 1.9	− 1.0	−1.1	−1.7	−2.1	− 0.8	−2.6*	1.8	−3.8*
Sex
Female (ref)
Male	0.4	4.0***	2.6**	3.0***	−1.8	1.5	1.8	2.3*	2.0	5.9***
Age groups
60–69 years	2.0	− 0.6	−2.4*	−2.4*	5.4**	2.1	0.5	−0.0	−1.8	− 1.2
70–79 years	2.8**	0.6	−0.0	−0.2	3.7*	2.3*	2.1*	3.6***	−1.4	− 1.0
80 years or more (ref)
Education
Illiterate	−6.2***	−4.5***	−0.8	−7.5***	− 6.4***	−4.2***	−2.8*	−4.2***	2.4	−4.4**
1 to 4 years	−4.7***	−3.4***	0.1	−3.9***	−4.0**	− 1.7	− 2.3*	− 2.1	1.2	−4.3***
5 or more (ref)
Health conditions
0–4 (ref)
5 or more diseases	−12.3***	−4.8***	−2.1**	−3.7***	− 7.7***	−3.5***	− 1.9*	− 4.2***	− 6.0***	− 1.9
Constant	70.9***	70.5***	72.8***	66.8***	73.9***	66.4***	68.9***	67.4***	73.7***	72.3***
R²	0.1545	0.0618	0.0220	0.0718	0.0435	0.0328	0.0176	0.0460	0.0199	0.0360

ISSN: 1477-7525