Variable | Univariate analysis | Adjusted analysis | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beta coefficient | 95% CI | p - value | Beta coefficient | 95% CI | p - value | |||
LL | UL | LL | UL | |||||
Fixed – effect parameters | ||||||||
Type of family | ||||||||
Joint | Ra | R | 0.999 | |||||
Nuclear | −0.28 | − 1.60 | 1.03 | 0.672 | 0.00 | − 1.20 | 1.20 | |
Type of Residence | ||||||||
Urban | R | R | 0.029 | |||||
Rural | −4.31 | −5.76 | − 2.87 | <0.001 | − 2.98 | − 5.67 | − 2.98 | |
Sex | ||||||||
Male | R | R | <0.001 | |||||
Female | −2.90 | −4.17 | −1.62 | <0.001 | − 2.39 | − 3.80 | −0.99 | |
Residence Ownership | ||||||||
Owner | R | R | 0.69 | |||||
Not owner | 0.71 | −1.51 | 2.94 | 0.528 | −0.46 | −2.66 | 1.75 | |
Age (decade) | −0.23 | −0.28 | −1.8 | <0.001 | − 0.18 | −.23 | −.11 | <0.001 |
Marital Status | ||||||||
Married | R | R | 0.007 | |||||
Widow | − 9.1 | −13.04 | −5.34 | <0.001 | −2.79 | − 6.45 | 0.87 | |
Divorced | 12.53 | 0.56 | 24.51 | 0.040 | 10.97 | 0.17 | 21.75 | |
Separated | 6.67 | −4.42 | 17.77 | 0.239 | 2.74 | −7.24 | 12.74 | |
Never married | 5.50 | 3.78 | 7.23 | <0.001 | 2.67 | 0.84 | 4.49 | |
Education | ||||||||
No Education | −7.34 | −10.02 | −4.66 | <0.001 | −2.04 | −4.82 | 0.74 | 0.010 |
Madressa | − 2.37 | −7.22 | 2.48 | 0.339 | −0.38 | −4.96 | 4.21 | |
Can read / write | −4.50 | −7.43 | −1.57 | 0.003 | −1.20 | −4.09 | 1.69 | |
Primary | −0.59 | −3.02 | 1.83 | 0.630 | 0.91 | −1.45 | 3.28 | |
Secondary | 1.44 | −0.97 | 3.86 | 0.242 | 1.51 | −0.79 | 3.81 | |
Tertiary | R | R | ||||||
Disease | ||||||||
Physical disability | −10.54 | −16.15 | −4.93 | <0.001 | −9.20 | −14.34 | −4.08 | <0.001 |
Hypertension | −6.78 | −9.31 | −4.19 | <0.001 | − 4.81 | −7.51 | −2.12 | |
Diabetes | −12.64 | − 16.61 | −8.68 | <0.001 | − 10.31 | − 14.16 | − 6.46 | |
Other | −4.37 | −5.75 | −3.00 | <0.001 | −4.55 | −6.29 | −2.80 | |
None | R | R | ||||||
Employment status | ||||||||
Working | R | R | 0.056 | |||||
Not Working | −3.23 | −4.59 | −1.88 | <0.001 | − 1.75 | − 3.21 | −.28 | |
Retired | −3.35 | −6.60 | − 0.15 | 0.04 | −1.38 | − 3.21 | 1.60 | |
Socioeconomic status | ||||||||
High | R | R | <0.001 | |||||
Average | −2.82 | −4.40 | −1.24 | <0.001 | −1.71 | −3.26 | −0.17 | |
Low | −7.15 | −8.73 | −5.57 | <0.001 | −5.10 | − 6.82 | −3.38 | |
Social capital | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.14 | <0.001 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.13 | <0.001 |
Random – effect parameters | ||||||||
Estimate | Std. Err | 95% confidence interval | ||||||
LL | UL | |||||||
Level 1: Union council | ||||||||
Sex | – | 0.69 | 1.14 | 0.02 | 17.15 | |||
Age | – | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.21 | |||
Social Capital | – | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.09 | |||
Constant | – | 2.10 | 1.47 | 12.67 | 13.52 | |||
Level 2: Cluster number | ||||||||
Constant | – | 3.54 | 0.51 | 2.66 | 4.70 | |||
Residual | – | 13.09 | 0.21 | 12.67 | 13.52 |