Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample
Unit of measurement | Vocational rehabilitation | |
|---|---|---|
(n = 351) | ||
Age (years) | Mean (sd) | 46.5 (10.9) |
Gender (female) | % | 57.1 |
Education | ||
Low | % | 15.1 |
Medium | % | 54.0 |
High | % | 24.9 |
Other | % | 6.0 |
Work situation | ||
Employed | % | 90.6 |
Student | % | 0.6 |
Benefit | % | 2.6 |
Other | % | 6.3 |
Sick leave in the past month (yes) | % | 63.4 |
Number of pain locations a-c | Mean (sd) | 3.4 (2.4) |
Median (IQR) | 3 (1–5) | |
Pain location | ||
Spine (yes) a | % | 76.1 |
Lower extremities (yes) b | % | 35.0 |
Upper extremities (yes) c | % | 29.1 |
Pain duration | ||
1–3 months | % | 7.4 |
3–6 months | % | 18.9 |
0.5–1 year | % | 23.4 |
1–2 year | % | 19.1 |
2–5 year | % | 14.9 |
More than 5 years | % | 16.3 |
Pain average past week (0–10) d | Mean (sd) | 5.4 (2.3) |
Pain worse past week (0–10) d | Mean (sd) | 6.8 (2.5) |
PDI score (0–70) e | ||
Total sample | ||
Baseline | Mean (sd) | 34.7 (11.7) |
Range | 3–60 | |
Discharge | Mean (sd) | 24.2 (14.1) |
Mean change f | Mean (sd) | −10.5 (13.8)* |
95% CI of mean change | 9.1–12.0 | |
Baseline PDI Q1 | ||
Baseline | Mean (sd) | 19.3 (6.2) |
Range | 3–27 | |
Discharge | Mean (sd) | 16.4 (12.2) |
Mean change | Mean (sd) | −2.9 (12.3)* |
95% CI of mean change | 0.3–5.5 | |
Baseline PDI Q2 | ||
Baseline | Mean (sd) | 32.0 (2.1) |
Range | 28–35 | |
Discharge | Mean (sd) | 21.0 (11.8) |
Mean change | Mean (sd) | −11.0 (11.7)* |
95% CI of mean change | 8.4–13.5 | |
Baseline PDI Q3 | ||
Baseline | Mean (sd) | 38.9 (2.1) |
Range | 36–42 | |
Discharge | Mean (sd) | 28.0 (13.5) |
Mean change | Mean (sd) | −10.9 (13.8)* |
95% CI of mean change | 7.9–13.9 | |
Baseline PDI Q4 | ||
Baseline | Mean (sd) | 48.8 (4.5) |
Range | 43–60 | |
Discharge | Mean (sd) | 31.4 (13.6) |
Mean change | Mean (sd) | −17.5 (13.4)* |
95% CI of mean change | 14.6–20.3 | |