Table 1 Characteristics of cancer patients in Malaysia (n = 1620)
From: Determinants of quality of life among Malaysian cancer patients: a cross-sectional study
Socio-demographic Characteristics | No | % |
|---|---|---|
Age (year) | ||
 < 45 | 213 | 13.1 |
 45–54 | 278 | 17.2 |
 55–64 | 513 | 31.7 |
 > 65 | 616 | 38.0 |
 Mean ± SD | 55.9 ± 13.34 | |
 Range | 17–89 | |
Gender | ||
 Male | 698 | 43.1 |
 Female | 922 | 56.9 |
Race | ||
 Malays | 1031 | 63.6 |
 Chinese | 380 | 23.5 |
 Indian | 196 | 12.1 |
 Other | 13 | 0.8 |
Religious | ||
 Muslim | 1031 | 63.6 |
 Buddhist | 380 | 23.5 |
 Hindu | 196 | 12.1 |
 Christian | 13 | 0.8 |
Marital status | ||
 Married | 1115 | 68.8 |
 Single | 110 | 6.8 |
 Divorce/widow | 395 | 24.4 |
Education level | ||
 No formal education | 367 | 22.7 |
 Below diploma | 934 | 57.6 |
 University level | 319 | 19.7 |
Family Income (MYR)© | ||
 No income | 591 | 36.5 |
 < 1500 MYR | 293 | 18.1 |
 1501–3500 MYR | 411 | 25.4 |
 > 3501 MYR | 325 | 20.0 |
Working status | ||
 Yes | 703 | 43.4 |
 No | 591 | 36.5 |
 Retired | 326 | 20.1 |
Family history of cancer | ||
 Yes | 750 | 46.3 |
 No | 870 | 53.7 |
Type of Cancer | ||
 Breast | 523 | 32.3 |
 Ovarian | 62 | 3.8 |
 Cervical | 143 | 8.8 |
 Colorectal | 450 | 27.8 |
 Lymphoma | 102 | 6.3 |
 Stomach | 161 | 9.9 |
 Others | 179 | 11.1 |
Cancer stage | ||
 I | 161 | 9.9 |
 II | 250 | 15.4 |
 III | 600 | 37.1 |
 IV | 609 | 37.6 |
Type of cancer treatment | ||
 Chemotherapy | 1483 | 91.5 |
 Chemotherapy & radiation | 137 | 8.5 |
Cycle of cancer treatment | ||
 1st cycle | 989 | 61.0 |
 2nd cycle | 631 | 39.0 |
Pain due to cancer | ||
 Yes | 876 | 54.1 |
 No | 744 | 45.9 |
Treatment Side Effect | No | % |
Treatment side effect | ||
 No side effect | 107 | 6.6 |
 One side effect | 62 | 3.8 |
 Two side effect | 176 | 10.9 |
 ≥ Three side effect | 1275 | 78.7 |
Vomiting | ||
 Yes | 1145 | 70.7 |
 No | 475 | 29.3 |
Nausea | ||
 Yes | 1033 | 63.7 |
 No | 587 | 36.3 |
Anorexia | ||
 Yes | 1237 | 76.4 |
 No | 383 | 23.6 |
Fatigue | ||
 Yes | 1418 | 87.5 |
 No | 202 | 12.5 |
Hair loss | ||
 Yes | 1394 | 86.0 |
 No | 226 | 14.0 |
Bleeding | ||
 Yes | 688 | 42.4 |
 No | 932 | 57.6 |
Infection | ||
 Yes | 1175 | 72.5 |
 No | 445 | 27.5 |
Psychological Factor | No | % |
Depression | ||
 Yes (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) | 1138 | 70.2 |
 No (PHQ-9 < 10) | 482 | 29.8 |
Anxiety | ||
 Yes (GAD-7 ≥ 8) | 1500 | 92.6 |
 No (GAD-7 < 8) | 120 | 7.4 |
Self-esteem | ||
 Mean ± SD | 24.59 ± 7.00 | |
 Range | 13–37 | |