Children and adolescents in institutional care versus traditional families: a quality of life comparison in Japan

Table 2 Quality of life (QOL) scores and subscale scores for Children’s Homes residents and traditional family members

Variable	^aChildren’s homes n = 47		Traditional families n = 157		Effect size	p
Variable	M	SD	M	SD	Effect size	p
Total score	63.54	13.26	68.44	14.88	0.23	0.033
Physical well-being	76.14	17.33	71.64	18.23	0.17	0.12
Emotional well-being	74.04	19.51	80.33	16.91	0.24	0.049
Self-esteem	45.24	25.98	50.74	25.21	0.15	0.20
Family	61.07	19.20	71.43	20.07	0.34	0.001
Friends	72.12	23.61	77.01	17.42	0.17	0.19
School	54.67	21.53	57.94	21.06	0.11	0.36

^aChildren’s Homes were established by child social welfare law in Japan, and house orphaned, neglected, or abused children. QOL was measured with the Kinder Lebensqualität Fragebogen (KINDL®) questionnaire, Japanese Version; SD = Standard Deviation; M = Mean

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