TY - JOUR AU - McCormack, A. AU - Edmondson-Jones, M. AU - Somerset, S. AU - Hall, D. A. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Systematic review of the reporting of tinnitus prevalence and severity JO - Hear Res VL - 337 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2016.05.009 DO - 10.1016/j.heares.2016.05.009 ID - McCormack2016 ER - TY - STD TI - Davis A, El Rafaie A. Epidemiology of tinnitus. In: Tyler RS, editor. Tinnitus handbook. San Diego: singular publishing. Group. 2000:1–23. ID - ref2 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Martinez, C. AU - Wallenhorst, C. AU - McFerran, D. AU - Hall, D. A. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Incidence rates of clinically significant tinnitus: 10-year trend from a cohort study in England JO - Ear Hear VL - 36 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000000121 DO - 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000121 ID - Martinez2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kirshner, B. AU - Guyatt, G. PY - 1985 DA - 1985// TI - A methodological framework for assessing health indices JO - J Chronic Dis VL - 38 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9681(85)90005-0 DO - 10.1016/0021-9681(85)90005-0 ID - Kirshner1985 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kennedy, V. AU - Wilson, C. AU - Stephens, D. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Quality of life and tinnitus JO - Audiol Med. VL - 1 ID - Kennedy2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hall, D. A. AU - Haider, H. AU - Szczepek, A. J. AU - Lau, P. AU - Rabau, S. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Systematic review of outcome domains and instruments used in clinical trials of tinnitus treatments in adults JO - Trials VL - 17 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1399-9 DO - 10.1186/s13063-016-1399-9 ID - Hall2016 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tyler, R. S. AU - Baker, L. J. PY - 1983 DA - 1983// TI - Difficulties experienced by tinnitus sufferers JO - J Speech Hear Disord VL - 48 UR - https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.4802.150 DO - 10.1044/jshd.4802.150 ID - Tyler1983 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sanchez, L. AU - Stephens, D. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - A tinnitus problem questionnaire in a clinic population JO - Ear Hear VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199706000-00004 DO - 10.1097/00003446-199706000-00004 ID - Sanchez1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sanchez, L. AU - Stephens, D. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - Survey of the perceived benefits and shortcomings of a specialist tinnitus clinic JO - Audiology VL - 39 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/00206090009098014 DO - 10.3109/00206090009098014 ID - Sanchez2000 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 1994 DA - 1994// TI - The WHOQOL Group. Development of the WHOQOL: Rationale and current status JO - Int J Ment Health VL - 23 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.1994.11449286 DO - 10.1080/00207411.1994.11449286 ID - ref10 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scarinci, N. AU - Worrall, L. AU - Hickson, L. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - The effect of hearing impairment in older people on the spouse: development and psychometric testing of the significant other scale for hearing disability (SOS-HEAR) JO - Int J Audiol VL - 48 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020902998409 DO - 10.1080/14992020902998409 ID - Scarinci2009 ER - TY - STD TI - Haider H, Fackrell K, Kennedy V, Hall DA. Dimensions of tinnitus-related complaints reported by patients and significant others: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2016;6e009171. ID - ref12 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Noblit, G. AU - Hare, R. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Meta-ethnography: Synthesising qualitative studies. Qualitative research methods series 11 PB - Sage Publications CY - California UR - https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412985000 DO - 10.4135/9781412985000 ID - Noblit1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vanneste, S. AU - Figueiredo, R. AU - De Ridder, D. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Treatment of tinnitus with cyclobenzaprine: an open-label study JO - Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther VL - 50 UR - https://doi.org/10.5414/CP201617 DO - 10.5414/CP201617 ID - Vanneste2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crocetti, A. AU - Forti, S. AU - Ambrosetti, U. AU - Del, B. L. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Questionnaires to evaluate anxiety and depressive levels in tinnitus patients JO - Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg VL - 140 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.11.036 DO - 10.1016/j.otohns.2008.11.036 ID - Crocetti2009 ER - TY - STD TI - Maes IH. Tinnitus: assessment of quality of life and costs: Universiteit Maastricht; 2014. ID - ref16 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Saldaña, J. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - The coding manual for qualitative researchers: London: sage publications ltd ID - Saldaña2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Andersson, G. AU - Vretblad, P. AU - Larsen, H. C. AU - Lyttkens, L. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Longitudinal follow-up of tinnitus complaints JO - Arch Otorhinolaryngol - Head Neck Surg VL - 127 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.127.2.175 DO - 10.1001/archotol.127.2.175 ID - Andersson2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reich, G. E. AU - Johnson, R. M. PY - 1984 DA - 1984// TI - Personality characteristics of tinnitus patients JO - J Laryngol Otol VL - 98 UR - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755146300090508 DO - 10.1017/S1755146300090508 ID - Reich1984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Belli, S. AU - Belli, H. AU - Bahcebasi, T. AU - Ozcetin, A. AU - Alpay, E. AU - Ertem, U. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Assessment of psychopathological aspects and psychiatric comorbidities in patients affected by tinnitus JO - Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol VL - 265 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-007-0440-8 DO - 10.1007/s00405-007-0440-8 ID - Belli2008 ER - TY - STD TI - Meikle MB, Henry JA, Griest SE, Stewart BJ, Abrams HB, et al. The tinnitus functional index: development of a new clinical measure for chronic, intrusive tinnitus. Ear Hear 2012;33. 2:153–76. ID - ref21 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hallam, R. S. AU - Jakes, S. C. AU - Hinchcliffe, R. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Cognitive variables in tinnitus annoyance JO - Br J Clin Psychol VL - 27 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1988.tb00778.x DO - 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1988.tb00778.x ID - Hallam1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - El Refaie, A. AU - Davis, A. AU - Baskill, J. AU - Lovell, E. AU - Owen, V. PY - 2004 DA - 2004// TI - A questionnaire study of the quality of life and quality of family life of individuals complaining of tinnitus pre- and post- attendance at a tinnitus clinic JO - Int J Audiol VL - 43 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020400050052 DO - 10.1080/14992020400050052 ID - El Refaie2004 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harrop-Griffiths, J. AU - Katon, W. AU - Dobie, R. AU - Sakai, C. AU - Russo, J. PY - 1987 DA - 1987// TI - Chronic tinnitus: association with psychiatric diagnoses JO - J Psychosom Res VL - 31 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(87)90040-7 DO - 10.1016/0022-3999(87)90040-7 ID - Harrop-Griffiths1987 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marciano, E. AU - Carrabba, L. AU - Giannini, P. AU - Sementina, C. AU - Verde, P. AU - Bruno, C. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Psychiatric comorbidity in a population of outpatients affected by tinnitus JO - Int J Audiol VL - 42 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/14992020309056079 DO - 10.3109/14992020309056079 ID - Marciano2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Henry, J. L. AU - Kangas, M. AU - Wilson, P. H. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Development of the psychological impact of tinnitus interview: a clinician-administered measure of tinnitus-related distress JO - Int Tinnitus J. VL - 7 ID - Henry2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stobik, C. AU - Weber, R. K. AU - Münte, T. F. AU - Walter, M. AU - Frommer, J. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Evidence of psychosomatic influences in compensated and decompensated tinnitus JO - Int J Audiol VL - 44 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020500147557 DO - 10.1080/14992020500147557 ID - Stobik2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Andersson, G. AU - Edvinsson, E. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Mixed feelings about living with tinnitus: a qualitative study JO - Audiol Med. VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/16513860801899355 DO - 10.1080/16513860801899355 ID - Andersson2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sanchez, L. AU - Stephens, S. D. G. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - Perceived problems of tinnitus clinic clients at long-term follow up. J JO - Audiol Med VL - 9 ID - Sanchez2000 ER - TY - STD TI - Toft S. Tinnitus : effects on the patient and partner: University of Leicester; 2003. ID - ref30 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dineen, R. AU - Doyle, J. AU - Bench, J. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - Audiological and psychological characteristics of a group of tinnitus sufferers, prior to tinnitus management training JO - Br J Audiol VL - 31 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/03005364000000006 DO - 10.3109/03005364000000006 ID - Dineen1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tyler, R. AU - Ji, H. AU - Perreau, A. AU - Witt, S. AU - Noble, W. AU - Coelho, C. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Development and validation of the tinnitus primary function questionnaire JO - Am J Audiol VL - 23 UR - https://doi.org/10.1044/2014_AJA-13-0014 DO - 10.1044/2014_AJA-13-0014 ID - Tyler2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sourgen, P. M. AU - Ross, E. PY - 1998 DA - 1998// TI - Perceptions of tinnitus in a group of senior citizens. South African JO - J Commun Disord VL - 45 ID - Sourgen1998 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hallam, R. S. PY - 1996 DA - 1996// TI - Manual of the tinnitus questionnaire (TQ) PB - The Psychological Corporation CY - London ID - Hallam1996 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hiller, W. AU - Goebel, G. PY - 1992 DA - 1992// TI - A psychometric study of complaints in chronic tinnitus JO - J Psychosom Res VL - 36 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(92)90070-I DO - 10.1016/0022-3999(92)90070-I ID - Hiller1992 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoekstra, C. E. L. AU - Wesdorp, F. M. AU - van Zanten, G. A. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Socio-demographic, health, and tinnitus related variables affecting tinnitus severity JO - Ear Hear VL - 35 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000000045 DO - 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000045 ID - Hoekstra2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alsanosi, A. A. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Impact of tinnitus on quality of life among Saudi patients JO - Saudi Med J VL - 32 ID - Alsanosi2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kleinstäuber, M. AU - Jasper, K. AU - Schweda, I. AU - Hiller, W. AU - Andersson, G. AU - Weise, C. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - The role of fear-avoidance cognitions and behaviours in patients with chronic tinnitus JO - Cogn Behav Ther VL - 42 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2012.717301 DO - 10.1080/16506073.2012.717301 ID - Kleinstäuber2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Newman, C. W. AU - Jacobson, G. P. AU - Spitzer, J. B. PY - 1996 DA - 1996// TI - Development of the tinnitus handicap inventory JO - Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg VL - 122 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1996.01890140029007 DO - 10.1001/archotol.1996.01890140029007 ID - Newman1996 ER - TY - STD TI - Fetoni AR, Lucidi D, De Corso E, Fiorita A, Conti G, Paludetti G. Relationship between subjective tinnitus perception and psychiatric discomfort. Int Tinnitus J 2016;20(2):76–82. ID - ref40 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wagenaar, O. V. AU - Wieringa, M. AU - Mantingh, L. AU - Kramer, S. E. AU - Kok, R. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Preliminary longitudinal results of neuropsychological education as first and sole intervention for new tinnitus patients JO - Int Tinnitus J VL - 22;20 ID - Wagenaar2016 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kaluzny, W. AU - Durko, T. AU - Pajor, A. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Impact of tinnitus on quality of life in the patients’ self-assessment JO - Polish Otolaryngol VL - 59 ID - Kaluzny2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuk, F. K. AU - Tyler, R. S. AU - Russell, D. AU - Jordan, H. PY - 1990 DA - 1990// TI - The psychometric properties of a tinnitus handicap questionnaire JO - Ear Hear VL - 11 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199012000-00005 DO - 10.1097/00003446-199012000-00005 ID - Kuk1990 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stobik, C. AU - Weber, R. K. AU - Munte, T. F. AU - Frommer, J. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Psychosomatic stress factors in compensated and decompensated tinnitus JO - Psychother Psychosom Medizinische Psychol VL - 53 UR - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-40947 DO - 10.1055/s-2003-40947 ID - Stobik2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bankstahl, U. S. AU - Görtelmeyer, R. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Measuring subjective complaints of attention and performance failures – development and psychometric validation in tinnitus of the self-assessment scale APSA JO - Health Qual Life Outcomes VL - 11 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-11-86 DO - 10.1186/1477-7525-11-86 ID - Bankstahl2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kennedy, V. AU - Chéry-Croze, S. AU - Stephens, D. AU - Kramer, S. AU - Thai-Van, H. AU - Collet, L. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Development of the international tinnitus inventory (ITI): a patient-directed problem questionnaire JO - Audiological Medicine VL - 3 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/16513860500470474 DO - 10.1080/16513860500470474 ID - Kennedy2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rutter, D. R. AU - Stein, M. J. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Psychological aspects of tinnitus: a comparison with hearing loss and ear, nose and throat disorders JO - Psychol Health VL - 14 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/08870449908410759 DO - 10.1080/08870449908410759 ID - Rutter1999 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zirke, N. AU - Seydel, C. AU - Szczepek, A. J. AU - Olze, H. AU - Haupt, H. AU - Mazurek, B. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Psychological comorbidity in patients with chronic tinnitus: analysis and comparison with chronic pain, asthma or atopic dermatitis patients JO - Qual Life Res VL - 22 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-012-0156-0 DO - 10.1007/s11136-012-0156-0 ID - Zirke2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gomaa, M. A. M. AU - Elmagd, M. H. A. AU - Elbadry, M. M. AU - Kader, R. M. A. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Depression, anxiety and stress scale in patients with tinnitus and hearing loss JO - Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngology VL - 271 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-013-2715-6 DO - 10.1007/s00405-013-2715-6 ID - Gomaa2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Seydel, C. AU - Haupt, H. AU - Olze, H. AU - Szczepek, A. J. AU - Mazurek, B. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Gender and chronic tinnitus: differences in tinnitus-related distress depend on age and duration of tinnitus JO - Ear Hear VL - 34 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0b013e31828149f2 DO - 10.1097/AUD.0b013e31828149f2 ID - Seydel2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ooms, E. AU - Vanheule, S. AU - Meganck, R. AU - Vinck, B. AU - Watelet, J. B. AU - Dhooge, I. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Tinnitus severity and its association with cognitive and somatic anxiety: a critical study JO - Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. VL - 269 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-011-1887-1 DO - 10.1007/s00405-011-1887-1 ID - Ooms2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Karatas, E. AU - Deniz, M. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - The comparison of acoustic and psychic parameters of subjective tinnitus JO - Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. VL - 269 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-011-1655-2 DO - 10.1007/s00405-011-1655-2 ID - Karatas2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cho, C. G. AU - Chi, J. H. AU - Song, J. J. AU - Lee, E. K. AU - Kim, B. H. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Evaluation of anxiety and depressive levels in tinnitus patients JO - Korean J Audiol VL - 17 UR - https://doi.org/10.7874/kja.2013.17.2.83 DO - 10.7874/kja.2013.17.2.83 ID - Cho2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilson, P. H. AU - Henry, J. AU - Bowen, M. AU - Haralambous, G. PY - 1991 DA - 1991// TI - Tinnitus reaction questionnaire: psychometric properties of a measure of distress associated with tinnitus JO - J Speech Hear Res VL - 34 UR - https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3401.197 DO - 10.1044/jshr.3401.197 ID - Wilson1991 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jakes, S. C. AU - Hallam, R. S. AU - Rachman, S. AU - Hinchcliffe, R. PY - 1986 DA - 1986// TI - The effects of reassurance, relaxation training and distraction on chronic tinnitus sufferers JO - Behav Res Ther VL - 24 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(86)90029-X DO - 10.1016/0005-7967(86)90029-X ID - Jakes1986 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Erlandsson, S. I. AU - Hallberg, L. R. M. AU - Axelsson, A. PY - 1992 DA - 1992// TI - Psychological and audiological correlates of perceived tinnitus severity JO - Audiology VL - 31 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/00206099209072912 DO - 10.3109/00206099209072912 ID - Erlandsson1992 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jakes, S. AU - Hallam, R. AU - Chambers, C. AU - Hinchcliffe, R. PY - 1985 DA - 1985// TI - A factor analytical study of tinnitus complaint behaviour JO - Audiology VL - 24 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/00206098509070103 DO - 10.3109/00206098509070103 ID - Jakes1985 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Urnau, D. AU - Tochetto, T. M. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Characteristics of the tinnitus and hyperacusis in normal hearing individuals [Características do zumbido e da hiperacusia em indivíduos normo-ouvintes] JO - Arq Int Otorrinolaringol VL - 15 UR - https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-48722011000400010 DO - 10.1590/S1809-48722011000400010 ID - Urnau2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miguel, G. S. AU - Yaremchuk, K. AU - Roth, T. AU - Peterson, E. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - The effect of insomnia on tinnitus JO - Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol VL - 123 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/0003489414532779 DO - 10.1177/0003489414532779 ID - Miguel2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cabral, A. AU - Tonocchi, R. AU - Ribas, A. AU - Almeida, G. AU - Rosa, M. AU - Massi, G. AU - Berberian, A. P. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - The efficacy of hearing aids for emotional and auditory tinnitus issues JO - Int Tinnitus J. VL - 20 UR - https://doi.org/10.5935/0946-5448.20160010 DO - 10.5935/0946-5448.20160010 ID - Cabral2016 ER - TY - STD TI - Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (2017). CASP Qualitative Research Checklist.[online] Available at: http://media.wix.com/ugd/dded87_25658615020e427da194a325e7773d42.pdf. Accessed 9 Apr 2018. UR - http://media.wix.com/ugd/dded87_25658615020e427da194a325e7773d42.pdf ID - ref61 ER - TY - STD TI - Manchaiah V, Beukes EW, Granberg S, Durisala N, Baguley DM, Allen PM, Problems AG. Life effects experienced by tinnitus research study volunteers: an exploratory study using the ICF classification. J Am Acad Audiol. 2017; [Epub ahead of print] ID - ref62 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fackrell, K. AU - Smith, H. AU - Colley, V. AU - Thacker, B. AU - Horobin, A. AU - Haider, H. F. AU - Londero, A. AU - Mazurek, B. AU - Hall, D. A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Core outcome domains for early phase clinical trials of sound-, psychology-, and pharmacology-based interventions to manage chronic subjective tinnitus in adults: the COMIT'ID study protocol for using a Delphi process and face-to-face meetings to establish consensus JO - Trials VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-2123-0 DO - 10.1186/s13063-017-2123-0 ID - Fackrell2007 ER - TY - STD TI - Watts E, Fackrell K, Smith S, Sheldrake J, Hoare D. Why is tinnitus a problem? A qualitative analysis of problems reported by tinnitus patients. 10th International Tinnitus Research Initiative Conference. Nottingham, UK. 2016. http://www.tinnitusresearch.org/images/files/meetings/files2016/TRI2016_Abstract_Book.pdf. Accessed 9 Apr 2018. UR - http://www.tinnitusresearch.org/images/files/meetings/files2016/TRI2016_Abstract_Book.pdf ID - ref64 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kamil, R. J. AU - Lin, F. R. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - The effects of hearing impairment in older adults on communication partners: a systematic review JO - J Am Acad Audiol VL - 26 UR - https://doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.26.2.6 DO - 10.3766/jaaa.26.2.6 ID - Kamil2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Prinsen, C. A. C. AU - Vohra, S. AU - Rose, M. R. AU - Boers, M. AU - Tugwell, P. AU - Clarke, M. AU - Williamson, P. R. AU - Terwee, C. B. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - How to select outcome measurement instruments for outcomes included in a “Core outcome set” – a practical guideline JO - Trials VL - 17 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1555-2 DO - 10.1186/s13063-016-1555-2 ID - Prinsen2016 ER - TY - STD TI - Meikle MB, Griest SE, Stewart BJ, Press LS. Measuring the negative impact of tinnitus: a brief severity index. In Abstr Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 1995;167. ID - ref67 ER -