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Table 3 Comparison of HRQoL between patients and general population

From: Benefits in pain perception, ability function and health-related quality of life in patients with failed back surgery syndrome undergoing spinal cord stimulation in a clinical practice setting

 

Baseline

6 months f-up

12 months f-up

18 months f-up

24 months f-up

EQ-VAS

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Age (years)

−0.337

− 0.361,-0.313

< 0.0001

− 0.336

− 0.361,-0.312

< 0.0001

− 0.337

− 0.361,-0.312

< 0.0001

− 0.337

− 0.362,-0.313

< 0.0001

− 0.337

− 0.361,-0.312

< 0.0001

Sex: Male (reference)

 Female

−1.714

−2.528,-0.901

< 0.0001

− 1.699

− 2.513,-0.885

< 0.0001

− 1.664

− 2.478,-0.849

< 0.0001

− 1.620

−2.436,-0.805

< 0.0001

−1.639

− 2.454,-0.825

< 0.0001

Subjects: General population (ref.)

 Patients

−37.392

−41.356,-33.428

< 0.0001

−18.337

−22.266,-14.408

< 0.0001

−20.694

− 24.626,-16.762

< 0.0001

− 17.054

− 21.017,-13.090

< 0.0001

− 17.568

−21.528,-13.608

< 0.0001

Education: none (reference)

 Primary/Middle school

3.693

−2.621,10.007

0.252

4.358

−1.879,10.595

0.171

2.026

−4.215,8.267

0.525

2.774

−3.478,9.025

0.384

4.411

−1.835,10.657

0.166

 Upper school/University

7.788

1.495,14.080

0.015

8.407

2.191,14.623

0.008

6.111

−0.109,12.332

0.054

6.792

0.561,13.023

0.033

8.440

2.215,14.665

0.008

Intercept

91.777

85.257,98.297

< 0.0001

91.080

84.635,97.525

< 0.0001

93.354

86.904,99.803

< 0.0001

92.620

86.159,99.081

< 0.0001

90.985

84.529,97.440

< 0.0001

EQ-Utility

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Regr. coef.

95% CI

P

Age (years)

−0.003

−0.003,−0.003

< 0.0001

− 0.003

− 0.003,− 0.003

< 0.0001

−0.003

− 0.003,− 0.003

< 0.0001

−0.003

-0.003,-0.003

< 0.0001

-0.003

-0.003,-0.003

< 0.0001

Sex: Male (reference)

 Female

−0.052

− 0.060,-0.044

< 0.0001

− 0.052

− 0.060,-0.044

< 0.0001

− 0.052

−0.060,-0.043

< 0.0001

− 0.051

− 0.060-0.043

< 0.0001

− 0.052

−0.060-0.044

< 0.0001

Subjects: general population (ref.)

 Patients

−0.506

−0.545,-0.467

< 0.0001

− 0.306

− 0.345,-0.267

< 0.0001

− 0.294

−0.333,-0.254

< 0.0001

− 0.255

− 0.294,-0.216

< 0.0001

− 0.268

−0.307,-0.229

< 0.0001

Education: none (reference)

 Primary/Middle school

0.005

−0.059,0.069

0.879

−0.055

−0.119,0.009

0.093

−0.089

− 0.154,-0.024

0.007

− 0.070

−0.134,-0.005

0.034

−0.060

− 0.125,0.004

0.065

 Upper school/University

0.035

−0.029,0.098

0.284

−0.028

−0.092,0.037

0.401

−0.062

− 0.127,0.003

0.062

− 0.042

− 0.106,0.022

0.200

−0.033

− 0.097,0.031

0.312

Intercept

1.179

1.113,1.245

< 0.0001

1.241

1.174,1.308

< 0.0001

1.275

1.207,1.342

< 0.0001

1.253

1.186,1.320

< 0.0001

1.246

1.179,1.312

< 0.0001

  1. Note: the column on the left lists the independent variables introduced in the regression models for the VAS and for the EQ-Utility index. The other columns show the regression coefficients, the 95% confidence intervals and the p values estimated for each independent variable analysed with the dependent variables EQ-VAS or EQ-utility index. Positive regression coefficients indicate a direct association and negative regression coefficients indicate an inverse association between the dependent variables and the independent variables. 95% Confidence intervals and p values indicate the level of significance of the regression coefficients