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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of chronically critically ill (CCI) patients three months (t2) following discharge from ICU at acute care hospital (n = 113). Non-participants were defined as all patients of the potentially to be enrolled patients who could not be interviewed at t1, t2 and t3 for different reasons (see Flow chart, Fig. 1)

From: Fatigue in chronically critically ill patients following intensive care - reliability and validity of the multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI-20)

Characteristic

Patients n = 113

Non-Participants n = 239

U/ χ2

p

Age, yrs. median (IQR)

61.1 (55.7–65.6)

61.8 (55.5–67.1)

12,659.500

.344(U)a

Gender, n (%)

 Male

82 (72.6)

171 (71.5)

  

 Female

31 (27.4)

68 (28.5)

.039

.843(χ2)b

Family status, n (%)

 Single

10 (8.8)

29 (12.1)

  

 Married/cohabited

78 (69.0)

156 (65.3)

  

 Divorced/ living apart

16 (14.2)

31 (13.0)

  

 Widowed

9 (8.0)

7 (2.9) c

5.476

.242(χ2)b

Education, n (%)

  < 10 yrs

35 (31.0)d

78 (32.6)e

  

  ≥ 10 yrs

72 (63.7)

90 (37.7)

5.082

.024*(χ2)b

ICU stay, days median (IQR)

66.0 (49.0–93.5)

73.0 (52.0–115.0)

12,016.500

.095 U)

Mechanical ventilation, days median (IQR)

47.0 (33.0–70.0)

54.0 (33.0–84.0)

11,954.500

.082(U)

Sepsis, n (%)

    

 No sepsis

36 (31.9)

68 (28.5)

  

 Sepsis

42 (37.2)

96 (40.2)

  

 Severe sepsis or septic shock

35 (31.0)

75 (31.4)

.481

.786(χ2)b

Site of infection, n (%)

    

 Respiratory

56 (49.6)

125 (52.3)

.744

.689(χ2)b

 Urinary/ genitals

12 (10.6)

16 (6.7)

2.061

.357(χ2)b

 Abdominal

10 (8.8)

21 (8.8)

.474

.789(χ2)b

 Bones/ soft tissue

6 (5.3)

12 (5.0)

.485

.784(χ2)b

 Wound infection

2 (1.8)

8 (3.3)

1.176

.555(χ2)b

 Heart

1 (.9)

6 (2.5)

1.525

.466(χ2)b

 Multiple

13 (11.5)

22 (9.2)

.911

.634(χ2)b

 Others

8 (7.1)f

26 (10.9)g

1.771

.413(χ2)b

 Unknown

4 (3.5)

4 (3.5)

2.245

.325(χ2)b

Barthel index, median (IQR)

    

at admission at post-acute ICU

−200.0 (− 225.0- -125.0)

−200.0 (−225.0- -125.0)

12,897.500

.490(U)a

at discharge from post-acute ICU

−35.0 (−82.5–7.5)

−95.0 (− 175.0- -15.0)

8475.500

<.001***(U)a

at discharge from rehabilitation hospital

65.0 (35.0–85.0)

−10.0 (− 150.0–60.0)

6687.000

<.001***(U)a

History of alcohol consumption, n (%)

22 (19.5)

43 (18.0)

.111

.739(χ2)b

History of anxiety disorder, n (%)

8 (7.1)

21 (8.8)

.296

.587(χ2)b

History of depression, n (%)

23 (20.4)

58 (24.3)

.663

.415(χ2)b

History of mental disorder, n (%)

70 (61.9)

134 (56.1)

1.089

.297(χ2)b

  1. ap-value from Mann-Whitney-U test;
  2. bp-value from McNemar test
  3. cn = 16 missing values
  4. dn = 6 missing values
  5. en = 71 missing values
  6. fn = 1 brain, n = 5 central venous catheter, n = 1 port system, n = 1 urinary catheter
  7. gn = 1 aorta, n = 1 teeth, n = 1 nose, n = 1 port system, n = 1 shunt, n = 18 central venous catheter, n = 1 urinary catheter, n = 2 heart catheter
  8. ***p ≤ .001, **p ≤ .01, *p ≤ .05