From: Initial psychometric validation of the questionnaire on pain caused by spasticity (QPS)
QPS module, item number and description | Mean (SD) | Range | Floor N (%) | Ceiling N (%) | Missing N (%) | Item-Total Correlation c | Cronbach’s α d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Child self LL n = 68 a | |||||||
 3. How much did your <limb > hurt when tight | 4.4 (2.7) | 0–10 | 5 (7.4%) | 5 (7.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
 5. How much did your <limb > hurt when sitting | 0.2 (0.7) | 0–4 | 61 (89.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .322** | 0.619 |
 7. How much did your <limb > hurt when moving | 1.0 (1.7) | 0–6 | 49 (72.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .751** | 0.385 |
 9. How much did your <limb > hurt during exercise | 5.8 (2.8) | 0–10 | 2 (2.9%) | 10 (14.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | .761** | 0.656 |
 12. How much did your <limb > hurt hard | 1.2 (1.8) | 0–6 | 43 (63.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .788** | 0.337 |
Child self UL n = 30 a | |||||||
 3. How much did your <limb > hurt when tight | 4.4 (2.7) | 0–10 | 2 (6.7%) | 2 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
 5. How much did your <limb > hurt when sitting | 0.2 (0.7) | 0–4 | 29 (96.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .392* | 0.227 |
 7. How much did your <limb > hurt when moving | 1.0 (1.7) | 0–4 | 25 (83.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .487** | 0.168 |
 9. How much did your <limb > hurt during exercise | 5.8 (2.8) | 0–10 | 2 (6.7%) | 2 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | .653** | 0.454 |
 12. How much did your <limb > hurt hard | 1.2 (1.8) | 0–10 | 20 (66.7%) | 1 (3.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | .745** | 0.052 |
Child interviewer LL n = 40 a | |||||||
 3. How much did your <limb > hurt when tight | 3.6 (2.5) | 0–8 | 7 (17.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
 5. How much did your <limb > hurt when sitting | 2.0 (2.5) | 0–8 | 22 (55.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .817** | 0.701 |
 7. How much did your <limb > hurt when moving | 3.0 (2.2) | 0–8 | 8 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .734** | 0.755 |
 9. How much did your <limb > hurt during exercise | 6.6 (2.5) | 0–10 | 1 (2.5%) | 4 (10.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .789** | 0.734 |
 12. How much did your <limb > hurt hard | 3.3 (1.9) | 0–8 | 4 (10.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .777** | 0.715 |
Child interviewer UL n = 14 a | |||||||
 3. How much did your <limb > hurt when tight | 3.6 (2.5) | 0–8 | 2 (14.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
 5. How much did your <limb > hurt when sitting | 2.0 (2.5) | 0–6 | 10 (71.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .886** | 0.899 |
 7. How much did your <limb > hurt when moving | 3.0 (2.2) | 0–6 | 7 (50.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .867** | 0.886 |
 9. How much did your <limb > hurt during exercise | 6.6 (2.5) | 2–8 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .913** | 0.880 |
 12. How much did your <limb > hurt hard | 3.3 (1.9) | 0–6 | 2 (14.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .908** | 0.860 |
Parent LL, n = 125 b | |||||||
 2. Hours/day spent in direct contact | 17.9 (8.2) | 1–24 | 1 (0.8%) | 76 (60.8%) | 1 (0.8%) | – | – |
 8. Often seen signs of pain when tight | 1.7 (1.0) | 0–4 | 20 (16.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | – | – |
 9b. Often seen signs of pain at rest | 0.4 (0.6) | 0–3 | 90 (72.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .679** | 0.699 |
 10b. Often seen signs of pain activities | 0.9 (0.9) | 0–3 | 51 (40.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (1.6%) | .727** | 0.693 |
 11b. Often seen signs of pain exercise | 2.7 (1.0) | 0–4 | 3 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .801** | 0.639 |
 13b. Often seen signs of pain hard thing | 1.3 (1.1) | 0–4 | 36 (28.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .800** | 0.674 |
Parent UL, n = 52 b | |||||||
 2. Hours/day spent in direct contact | 19.3 (7.8) | 2–24 | 0 (0.0%) | 37 (71.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
 8. Often seen signs of pain when tight | 1.6 (1.0) | 0–4 | 8 (15.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | – | – |
 9b. Often seen signs of pain at rest | 0.3 (0.5) | 0–2 | 41 (78.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .531** | 0.709 |
10b. Often seen signs of pain activities | 1 (0.9) | 0–3 | 20 (38.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.9%) | .738** | 0.627 |
 11b. Often seen signs of pain exercise | 2.4 (0.9) | 1–4 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .772** | 0.585 |
 13b. Often seen signs of pain hard thing | 1.3 (1.2) | 0–4 | 18 (34.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .842** | 0.573 |