Benefits of different intensity of aerobic exercise in modulating body composition among obese young adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Changes in body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness measurements following 12-week walking programs

Variables	HITG (n = 12)	MITG (n = 12)	LITG (n = 12)	CG (n = 12)	P-value	Tukey’s post hoc test
Body weight (kg)	−6.73 ± 0.67	−4.97 ± 0.46	−2.93 ± 0.19	0.74 ± 0.46	< 0.0001	HITG, MITG > LITG > CG
BMI (kg/m²)	−2.34 ± 0.24	−1.70 ± 0.13	−1.04 ± 0.06	0.26 ± 0.16	< 0.0001	HITG > MITG > LITG > CG
WC (cm)	−9.38 ± 0.74	−7.92 ± 0.69	−5.25 ± 0.23	0.46 ± 0.42	< 0.0001	HITG, MITG > LITG > CG
HC (cm)	−0.96 ± 0.26	−1.33 ± 0.55	−1.38 ± 0.64	0.83 ± 0.73	0.028	MITG, LITG > CG
WHR	−0.08 ± 0.01	−0.06 ± 0.01	−0.04 ± 0.004	−0.002 ± 0.004	< 0.0001	HITG, MITG > LITG > CG
WHtR	−0.06 ± 0.004	−0.05 ± 0.004	−0.03 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.002	< 0.0001	HITG, MITG > LITG > CG
Percent body fat (%)	−3.97 ± 0.28	−2.91 ± 0.25	−1.70 ± 0.14	0.23 ± 0.24	< 0.0001	HITG > MITG > LITG > CG
Fat mass (kg)	−5.44 ± 0.49	−4.35 ± 0.23	−2.62 ± 0.22	0.45 ± 0.21	< 0.0001	HITG, MITG > LITG > CG
Fat-free mass (kg)	−1.29 ± 0.42	−0.61 ± 0.49	−0.31 ± 0.15	0.29 ± 0.42	0.050	HITG > CG
CEI	7.42 ± 0.34	4.88 ± 0.28	3.19 ± 0.16	−0.52 ± 0.31	< 0.0001	HITG, MITG > LITG > CG

Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, CEI cardiorespiratory endurance index, CG control group, HC hip circumference, HITG high-intensity training group, LITG light-intensity training group, MITG moderate-intensity training group, SE standard error, WC waist circumference, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, WHtR waist-to-height ratio. Data are expressed as mean ± SE. Groups compared using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc comparisons (P < 0.05)

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