Comparing five depression measures in depressed Chinese patients using item response theory: an examination of item properties, measurement precision and score comparability

Table 4 Score concordances at cut-off scores of BDI-II, CES-D, PHQ-9, DASS-Depression, and HADS-Depression

	Cut-off Scores
Scale^a	Summed Score	IRT score (θ)^b	Corresponding Summed Score in BDI-II	Corresponding Summed Score in CES-D	Corresponding Summed Score in PHQ-9	Corresponding Summed Score in DASS-Depression	Corresponding Summed Score in HADS-Depression
BDI-II
Mild depression	14	−0.67	-	19	5	4	6
Moderate depression	20	−0.18	-	24	8	7	8
Severe depression	29	0.47	-	32	13	11	11
CES-D
Risk for depression	16	−0.95	11	-	4	3	5
PHQ-9
Mild depression	5	−0.76	13	18	-	4	6
Moderate depression	10	0.05	23	27	-	8	9
Moderately severe depression	15	0.68	32	35	-	12	12
Severe depression	20	1.30	41	43	-	16	14
DASS-Depression
Mild depression	5	−0.49	16	21	6	-	7
Moderate depression	7	−0.18	20	24	8	-	8
Severe depression	11	0.47	29	32	13	-	11
Extreme Severe depression	14	0.95	36	39	17	-	13
HADS-Depression
Mild depression	8	−0.33	18	22	7	6	-
Moderate depression	11	0.40	28	31	12	10	-
Severe depression	15	1.37	42	44	20	16	-

Note
^a BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory–II. Raw scores range from 0 to 63; higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms
CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Raw scores range from 0 to 60; higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms
PHQ-9 = Nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Raw scores range from 0 to 27; higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms
DASS-Depression = Depression subscale of the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Raw scores range from 0 to 21; higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms
HADS-Depression = Depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Raw scores range from 0 to 21; higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms
^b IRT score (θ): IRT derived scores representing levels of depression ranging from low to high. Higher values indicate higher depression levels

ISSN: 1477-7525