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Table 2 HAQL Adults - Known-groups validity for the proposed score (significant results are given in boldface)

From: Validation of the French versions of the Hirschsprung’s disease and Anorectal malformations Quality of Life (HAQL) questionnaires for adolescents and adults

HAQL dimensions

Disease statusa

HD N = 8

ARM N = 60

Clinical status

Autonomy statusa

Usual A. N = 56

Lower A. N = 9

Soilingb

Grade 0 N = 33

Grade 1 N = 24

Grade 2 N = 4

Grade 3 N = 3

Constipationb

Grade 0 N = 36

Grade 1 N = 7

Grade 2 N = 6

Grade 3 N = 7

Voluntary bowel movementsb

Grade 0 N = 30

Grade 1 N = 18

Grade 2 N = 9

Overall scale

621 ± 135

p = 0.55

621 ± 135

p = 0.27

Grade 0: 706 ± 80

Grade 1: 594 ± 129

Grade 2 or 3: 473 ± 112

p< 0.0001

Grade 0 or 1 or 2: 639 ± 135

Grade 3: 462 ± 136

p= 0.0121

Grade 0: 691 ± 103

Grade 1 or 2: 544 ± 142

p= 0.0005

1- Laxative Diet

86 ± 24

p = 0.32

Usual A.: 83 ± 26

Lower A.: 98 ± 6

p= 0.0004

86 ± 24

p = 0.12

Grade 0: 92 ± 18

Grade 1 or 2 or 3: 69 ± 30

p= 0.0025

86 ± 24

p = 0.69

2- Presence of Diarrhea

78 ± 23

p = 0.34

78 ± 23

p = 0.85

Grade 0 : 88 ± 16

Grade 1: 76 ± 21

Grade 2 or 3: 57 ± 31

p= 0.0021

78 ± 23

p = 0.80

Grade 0: 90 ± 13

Grade 1: 73 ± 17

Grade 2: 35 ± 29

p< 0.0001

3- Fecal Continence

83 ± 22

p = 0.15

83 ± 22

p = 0.81

Grade 0: 97 ± 7

Grade 1: 82 ± 16

Grade 2 or 3: 47 ± 27

p< 0.0001

83 ± 22

p = 0.57

Grade 0: 94 ± 12

Grade 1 or 2: 72 ± 21

p< 0.0001

4- Urinary Continence

91 ± 19

p = 0.93

91 ± 19

p = 0.19

91 ± 19

p = 0.24

91 ± 19

p = 0.15

91 ± 19

p = 0.31

5- Social Functioning

78 ± 30

p = 0.83

78 ± 30

p = 0.11

Grade 0 or 1: 85 ± 25

Grade 2 or 3: 29 ± 25

p< 0.0001

78 ± 30

p = 0.06

Grade 0: 91 ± 15

Grade 1 or 2: 62 ± 38

p= 0.0028

6- Emotional Functioning

and Body Image

64 ± 28

p = 0.50

Usual A.: 68 ± 26

Lower A.: 39 ± 27

p= 0.0128

Grade 0: 78 ± 22

Grade 1: 58 ± 26

Grade 2 or 3: 25 ± 17

p< 0.0001

64 ± 28

p = 0.12

Grade 0: 78 ± 21

Grade 1 or 2: 54 ± 29

p= 0.0048

7- Physical symptoms

61 ± 24

p = 0.21

Usual A.: 64 ± 24

Lower A.: 47 ± 19

p= 0.0441

Grade 0 : 72 ± 20

Grade 1: 56 ± 23

Grade 2 or 3: 33 ± 20

p= 0.0001

Grade 0: 69 ± 25

Grade 1 or 2 or 3: 47 ± 20

p= 0.0043

Grade 0: 72 ± 21

Grade 1 or 2: 53 ± 23

p= 0.0127

8- Sexual functioning

81 ± 30

p = 0.80

81 ± 30

p = 0.22

Grade 0: 94 ± 15

Grade 1: 70 ± 36

Grade 2 or 3: 47 ± 27

p= 0.0003

Grade 0: 87 ± 24

Grade 1 or 2 or 3: 67 ± 36

p= 0.0320

81 ± 30

p = 0.19

  1. aStudent’s t-test, bAnova with post hoc pairwise Student’s t-tests