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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the response groups

From: The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) in the general population: scale structure, reliability, measurement invariance and normative data: a cross-sectional survey

Characteristic

Responders

(n = 5273)

Non-responders

(n = 1126)

Effect sizesa/p-valuesb

Weighted responders

(n = 5273)

Total group

(n = 6399)

Age (mean, sd)

50.9 (17.6)

39.3 (16.2)

d = 0.67

p <0.001

48.8 (17.9)

48.8 (17.9)

Gender (%)

  

p 0.538

  

 Female

54.0

52.9

SR 0.65

53.9

53.8

 Male

46.0

47.1

SR −0.65

46.1

46.2

Ethnicity (%)

  

p <0.001

  

 Native Dutch

84.6

75.8

SR 7.14

83.3

83.0

 Foreign, Western country

7.0

7.0

SR −0.07

7.0

7.0

 Foreign, Non-Western country

4.4

6.7

SR −3.22

4.8

4.8

 Unknown

4.1

10.6

SR −8.89

4.9

5.2

Education (%)

  

p <0.001

  

 Primary

9.0

12.1

SR −3.18

9.5

9.5

 Lower vocational

25.1

18.7

SR 4.62

24.0

24.0

 Secondary

11.1

15.1

SR −3.80

11.8

11.8

 Middle vocational

23.0

23.6

SR −0.46

23.1

23.1

 Higher vocational

22.8

20.8

SR 1.47

22.4

22.4

 University

8.7

9.6

SR −0.91

8.9

8.9

 Unknown

0.3

0.2

SR 0.54

0.3

0.3

Marital status (%)

  

p <0.001

  

 Married

57.5

42.2

SR 9.37

54.8

54.8

 Divorced

9.1

9.2

SR −0.12

9.1

9.1

 Widowed

5.4

2.9

SR 3.47

5.0

5.0

 Never married

28.0

45.6

SR −11.63

31.1

31.1

Employment status (%)

  

p <0.001

  

 Paid work

49.0

58.9

SR −5.99

50.8

50.8

 Unemployed

3.5

2.8

SR 1.30

3.4

3.4

 Disabled

3.7

4.4

SR −0.98

3.8

3.8

 School or study

8.9

19.6

SR −10.49

10.8

10.8

 Retired

22.4

6.0

SR 12.58

19.5

19.5

 Household

8.7

5.2

SR 3.83

8.1

8.1

 Other

3.7

3.1

SR 0.94

3.6

3.6

Monthly net income (%)

  

p <0.001

  

 0–500 Euro

17.0

23.0

SR −4.71

18.2

18.1

 501–1500 Euro

35.9

31.3

SR 2.98

35.1

35.1

 1501–2500 Euro

31.7

28.0

SR 2.46

31.2

31.1

  > 2500 Euro

9.9

10.3

SR −0.43

10.0

10.0

 Unknown

5.4

7.5

SR −2.66

5.6

5.8

  1. a d: Cohen’s delta in case of continuous variables, SR standardized residuals in case of categorical variables
  2. b t-test in case of continuous variables; Chi-square test in case of categorical variables