Fig. 2From: Incorporating development of a patient-reported outcome instrument in a clinical drug development program: examples from a heart failure program (a) Hypothetical and (b) actual timelines of PRO instrument development. aIncluded second literature review. PRO, patient-reported outcome; CE, concept elicitation; CIs, cognitive interviews; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; HF-SD, Heart Failure Symptom Diary; HFIS, Heart Failure Impact ScaleBack to article page