Fig. 5

Proxy-reported quality of life according to the number of types of childhood adversities. The childhood adversity scale is a 4-point scale consisting of the following items: household dysfunction (parental psychopathology, criminality, or alcohol or substance abuse), witnessing violence, victim of family violence, and victim of sexual abuse. Estimated mean scores on KINDL-R subdomains (0–100) were compared between adolescents in RYC with different adversity loads by using linear regression with the childhood adversity scale as the independent variable. The analysis was adjusted for age and sex. Reports were completed by adolescents’ primary contacts at the institution (for adolescents in RYC) or parents (for the general population). Mean scores, confidence intervals and p-values are presented in table 5 (Appendix 2)