Frail older adults with minor fractures show lower health-related quality of life (SF-12) scores up to six months following emergency department discharge

Table 3 Adjusted HRQoL mean scores^a, according to the frailty groups at 3 months and 6 months

	Mean (95 % CI)	Standard of Error	P value
Physical Component Summary SF-12 score^b
3 months^c
- Very fit--well	60.9 (57.0–64.8)	2.0
- Well + comorbid--Apparently vulnerable	62.4 (58.1–66.7)	2.2	0.6
- Mildly frail--Moderately frail	49.2 (42.1–56.5)	3.7	0.005
6 months
- Very fit--well	61.1 (57.6–64.8)	1.8
- Well + comorbid--Apparently vulnerable	57.5 (52.6–62.5)	2.5	0.2
- Mildly frail--Moderately frail	48.7 (41.2–56.2)	3.8	0.003
Mental Component Summary SF-12 score^d
3 months
- Very fit--well	69.6 (65.8–73.4)	1.9
- Well + comorbid--Apparently vulnerable	63.5 (59.2–67.7)	2.2	0.014
- Mildly frail--Moderately frail	59.5 (50.9–68.1)	4.4	0.032
6 months
- Very fit--well	70.1 (66.5–73.7)	1.84
- Well + comorbid--Apparently vulnerable	69.0 (65.2–72.9)	1.94	0.6
- Mildly frail--Moderately frail	60.8 (51.1 − 70.6)	4.96	0.08

^aobtained by linear mixed model
^bAdjustments based on schooling, comorbidities, use of walking aid, baseline IADL score, and number of outings per week
^cVery fit—well (n = 173); Well + comorbid--Apparently vulnerable (n = 101); Mildly frail--Moderately frail (n = 37)
^dAdjustments based on age, schooling, comorbidities, use of walking aid, baseline IADL score, cognitive status, and number of outings per week

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