Table 1 Descriptions of smoking-specific and generic measures and biomarkers
QOL Measurea | Number of items | Scoring directionb | Worst possible score | Best possible score |
Smoking-Specific | ||||
Smoking Symptoms | 8 | − | Report of eight symptoms (listed in text) all of the time. | None of the 8 smoking-specific symptoms were reported. |
Smoking Impact | 7 | − | Extreme limitations in everyday activities and quality of life attributed to smoking. | No impact on everyday activities or quality of life attributed to smoking. |
SF-36 Generic | ||||
Physical Component Summary (PCS) | 35 | + | Limitations in self-care, physical, social, and role activities, severe bodily pain, frequent tiredness, health rated “Poor.” | No physical limitations, pain, disabilities or decrements in well-being, high energy level, health rated “Excellent.” |
Mental Component Summary (MCS) | 35 | + | Frequent psychological distress, social and role disability due to emotional problems. | Frequent positive affect, absence of psychological distress and limitations in usual social/role activities due to emotional problems. |
Biomarker | Test | Typec | Constituent | Non-Tobacco Sources |
4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) | Urine | BoE | 4-ABP | Hair dyes, fried food |
2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid (CEMA) | Urine | BoE | Acrylonitrile | Workplace |
4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adduct (4-ABP-Hb) | Blood | BoED | 4-ABP | Hair dyes, fried food |
2-cyanoethylvaline (CEVal) | Blood | BoED | Acrylonitrile | Workplace |