Health-related quality of life and the predictive role of sense of coherence, spirituality and religious coping in a sample of Iranian women with breast cancer: a prospective study with comparative design

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data in the breast cancer (n = 162) and control groups (n = 210)

Demographic & clinical variables	Breast cancer group n (%)	Control group n (%)	df	p value
Age in years, Mean (SD)	46.1 (9.8)	46.6 (8.4)	370	.071^a
Marital status			2	.572^b
Single	11 (6.8)	24 (11.4)
Married	129 (79.6)	170 (81.0)
Divorced/Widowed	22 (13.6)	16 (7.6)
Education			1	.557^b
Primary school	23 (14.2)	35 (16.7)
Secondary school	27 (16.7)	23 (11.0)
High school	4 (2.5)	6 (2.9)
Diploma	57 (35.2)	75 (35.7)
University	51 (31.5)	71 (33.8)
Working status			2	.356^b
Housewife	97 (59.9)	117 (55.7)
Employed	51 (31.5)	65 (31.0)
Retired	14 (8.6)	28 (13.3)
Menopause at beginning of the study			1	.349^b
Yes	60 (37.0)	68 (32.4)
No	102 (63.0)	142 (67.6)
Comorbidity ^c			1	.935^b
Yes	78 (48.1)	102 (48.6)
No	84 (51.9)	108 (51.4)
Number of comorbidities			1	.001^b
One	42 (26.0)	30 (14.3)
More than one	36 (22.0)	72 (34.3)

^aDifferences between groups’ proportions were tested by the Independent Student’s t-test.
^bDifferences between groups’ proportions were tested by the Chi-Square.
^cComorbidity: long-standing diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and musculoskeletal problems.

ISSN: 1477-7525