The positive mental health instrument: development and validation of a culturally relevant scale in a multi-ethnic asian population

Table 4 Stages of item reduction from the initial 182 items

Analysis	Items removed	Reason (s) for removal	Items used for subsequent analysis
EFA	54	Poor factor loadings	128
	49	Redundant content, poor performance as compared to similarly worded items	79
CFA	16	Based on modification indices, item loading and content	63
Item performance	5	High ceiling effect	58
IRT-DIF	11	Demonstrated Dif across important subgroups	47

CFA: Confirmatory Factor Analysis; EFA:Exploratory Factor Analysis; IRT- DIF:Item response theory and Differential item functioning;

ISSN: 1477-7525