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Table 1 Characteristics of type 1 and type 2 diabetes samples

From: Determinants of quality of life in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes

 

Type 1 diabetes (N = 490)

Type 2 diabetes (N = 1147)

 
 

Mean (SD)

N (%)

Mean (SD)

N (%)

P value*

Demographic factors

     

Age (years)

51.5 (16.4)

 

63.7 (11.4)

 

< 0.0001

Gender

     

   Male

 

230 (46.9)

 

605 (52.7)

0.03

   Female

 

260 (53.1)

 

542 (47.3)

 

Marital status

    

0.11

   No partner

 

125 (25.5)

 

251 (21.9)

 

   Have partner

 

365 (74.5)

 

896 (78.1)

 

Education

    

0.001

   No college degree

 

276 (56.3)

 

747 (65.1)

 

   College degree and higher

 

214 (43.7)

 

400 (34.9)

 

Annual income

    

< 0.0001

   < $20,000

 

50 (10.2)

 

157 (13.7)

 

   $20,000-39,999

 

112 (22.9)

 

330 (28.8)

 

   $40,000-59,999

 

105 (21.4)

 

293 (25.5)

 

   $60,000-79,999

 

109 (22.2)

 

172 (15.0)

 

   $80,000-99,999

 

43 (8.8)

 

89 (7.8)

 

   $100,000 <

 

71 (14.5)

 

106 (9.2)

 

Activity (personality) trait (score 1-5)

3.3 (0.6)

 

3.2 (0.6)

 

0.11

Medical factors

     

Diabetes duration (years)

21.6 (12.8)

 

11.2 (12.8)

 

< 0.0001

Insulin use

    

< 0.0001

   Yes

 

490 (100.0)

 

254 (22.1)

 

Number of comorbidities (range 0-5)

1.1 (1.2)

 

1.6 (1.2)

 

< 0.0001

   0

 

199 (40.6)

 

220 (19.2)

 

   1

 

138 (28.2)

 

329 (28.7)

 

   2

 

85 (17.3)

 

377 (32.9)

 

   3

 

44 (9.0)

 

147 (12.8)

 

   4

 

20 (4.1)

 

62 (5.4)

 

   5

 

4 (0.8)

 

12 (1.0)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

26.2 (4.6)

 

29.1 (5.7)

 

< 0.0001

Lifestyle factors

     

Smoking

    

0.81

   Nonsmoking

 

457 (93.3)

 

1066 (92.9)

 

   Currently smoking

 

33 (6.7)

 

81 (7.1)

 

Physical Activity (min/week)

184.4 (133.5)

 

179.2 (134.9)

 

0.48

Diet behavior (score 0-7)

     

   Diet-general diet

5.5 (1.5)

 

5.3 (1.7)

 

0.01

   Diet-specific diet

5.1 (1.4)

 

5.3 (1.4)

 

0.05

   Diet-spacing carbohydrates

5.6 (1.9)

 

5.3 (2.0)

 

0.002

Quality of life

     

Health-related quality of life (score 0-100)

54.8 (26.9)

 

54.7 (25.7)

 

0.96

Life satisfaction (score 5-35)

16.2 (4.3)

 

16.6 (4.3)

 

0.14

  1. BMI: body mass index
  2. P value: t-tests/Chi-square analyses comparing differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes samples.