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Table 3 Model characteristics and differences between the four groups, after adjusting for age, gender, VI, number of comorbidities other than CVCs, duration of PXE and help needed to fill in questionnaires (analysis of covariance).

From: The relative impact of vision impairment and cardiovascular disease on quality of life: the example of pseudoxanthoma elasticum

 

Adjusted mean/RC*

95% CI

Significance of the model/change*

Partial Eta2 +

    

Corrected model

Groups A-D as a predictor within the model

Functional IVI

  

p < 0.001

0.812 +

0.241 +

   Group A (reference)

23.66

(20.92; 26.40)

   

   Group B

-1.89

(-4.91; 1.13)

0.216

  

   Group C

-5.60

(-9.19; -2.01)

0.003

  

   Group D

-6.90

(-10.41; -3.39)

< 0.001

  

Emotional IVI

  

p < 0.001

0.662 +

0.128 +

   Group A (reference)

7.47

(5.97; 8.97)

   

   Group B

-0.33

(-1.88; 1.22)

0.777

  

   Group C

1.94

(0.06; 3.82)

0.043

  

   Group D

1.32

(-0.66; 3.31)

0.188

  

Rasch guided SF-36 Physical Functioning

  

p = 0.086

0.187+

0.064+

   Group A (reference)

21.50

(15.51; 27.49)

   

   Group B

-2.34

(-8.66; 3.97)

0.461

  

   Group C

-6.03

(-13.49; 1.45)

0.111

  

   Group D

-0.81

(-8.70; 7.09)

0.839

  

Rasch guided SF-36 Mental Health

  

p = 0.093

0.159+

0.044+

   Group A (reference)

16.28

(12.06; 20.50)

   

   Group B

-3.77

(-8.41; 0.87)

0.109

  

   Group C

-0.19

(-5.87; 5.49)

0.947

  

   Group D

-2.28

(-7.64; 3.09)

0.400

  
  1. Presented are fully adjusted models including interactions between all variables.
  2. Functional and emotional subscale scores of both the IVI and SF-36 contributed reciprocally and were also adjusted for.
  3. RC = regression coefficient, *reported for the model/change of mean in groups compared to group A (reference); CI = Confidence interval; Group A = No impairment; Group B = Only CVCs; Group C = Only VI; Group D = CVCs & VI; Bolded values indicate statistical significance; + Partial Eta2 effect size: ≥0.01 small, ≥0.06 medium, ≥0.14 large effect[53]