From: Do urinary tract infections affect morale among very old women?
 | UTI (n = 46) | NO UTI (n = 273) | THE TOTAL SAMPLE (n = 319) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social factors | n | % | n | % | p- value | n | % |
Civil status (single) (n = 46/271) | 45 | 97.8 | 246 | 90.8 | 0.107 | 291 | 91.8 |
Living alone | 44 | 95.7 | 232 | 85.0 | 0.050 | 276 | 86.5 |
In institutional care | 28 | 60.9 | 85 | 31.1 | <0.001 | 113 | 35.4 |
Medical factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Constipation - current | 23 | 50.0 | 102 | 37.4 | 0.104 | 125 | 39.2 |
Dementia | 25 | 54.3 | 77 | 28.2 | <0.001 | 102 | 32.0 |
Depression | 22 | 47.8 | 100 | 36.6 | 0.148 | 122 | 38.2 |
Diabetes | 8 | 17.4 | 41 | 15.0 | 0.680 | 49 | 15.4 |
Heart failure | 23 | 50.0 | 82 | 30.0 | 0.008 | 105 | 32.9 |
Hip fractures | 10 | 21.7 | 25 | 9.2 | 0.012 | 35 | 11.0 |
Indwelling catheter | 5 | 10.9 | 1 | 0.4 | <0.001 | 6 | 1.9 |
Impaired hearing (n = 45/270) | 14 | 31.1 | 40 | 14.8 | 0.008 | 54 | 17.1 |
Impaired vision (n = 46/272) | 9 | 29.6 | 45 | 16.5 | 0.354 | 54 | 17.0 |
Malignancies | 6 | 13.0 | 19 | 7.0 | 0.156 | 25 | 7.8 |
Rheumatic disease | 4 | 8.7 | 31 | 11.4 | 0.593 | 35 | 11.0 |
Stroke in the preceding five years | 7 | 15.2 | 23 | 8.4 | 0.144 | 30 | 9.4 |
Urinary incontinence - current | 20 | 43.5 | 78 | 28.6 | 0.043 | 98 | 30.7 |
Functional factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Eats independently according to KATZ (n = 46/272) | 44 | 95.7 | 266 | 97.8 | 0.391 | 310 | 97.5 |
Goes outside independently according to KATZ (n = 45/271) | 19 | 42.2 | 184 | 67.9 | 0.001 | 203 | 64.2 |
Independent in toileting according to KATZ (n = 46/272) | 30 | 65.2 | 235 | 86.4 | <0.001 | 265 | 83.3 |
Transfers independently (n = 46/272) | 32 | 69.6 | 245 | 90.1 | <0.001 | 277 | 87.1 |
 | Mean ± SD |  | Mean ± SD |  |  | Mean ± SD |  |
Barthel's ADL index (n = 46/269) | 13.7 ± 6.2 |  | 17.4 ± 4.1 |  | <0.001 | 16.9 ± 4.7 |  |
BMI (n = 42/264) | 25.0 ± 3.9 |  | 25.7 ± 4.5 |  | 0.356 | 25.6 ± 4.4 |  |
GDS (n = 45/271) | 4.4 ± 2.7 |  | 3.5 ± 2.4 |  | 0.018 | 3.6 ± 2.5 |  |
MMSE (n = 46/272) | 19.7 ± 6.2 |  | 22.5 ± 5.4 |  | 0.002 | 22.0 ± 5.6 |  |
Number of drugs | 9.2 ± 3.9 |  | 6.6 ± 3.9 |  | <0.001 | 7.0 ± 4.0 |  |