Table 1 Characteristics of the respondents according to diabetes type, number (%), unless otherwise specified
From: Health-related quality of life in diabetes: The associations of complications with EQ-5D scores
Type 1 | Type 2 | |
|---|---|---|
n | 165 | 356 |
Demographics | ||
Sex, female | 87 (53) | 157 (44) |
Age, mean (SD) | 47.0 (14.9) | 64.0 (11.7) |
Annual family income (1000 NOK), mean (SD) | 666 (908) | 713 (3051) |
Complication risk factors | ||
Diabetes duration (years), mean (SD) | 22.1 (14.2) | 10.0 (8.1) |
Current smoking | 47 (29) | 62 (18) |
Daily smoker | 22 (14) | 42 (12) |
Occasional smoker | 25 (15) | 20 (6) |
Previous smokers | 86 (55) | 200 (61) |
Body mass index, kg/m2 , mean (SD) | 25.8 (4.8) | 28.9 (5.1) |
Medication | ||
Number of oral antidiabetic agents | ||
0 | 159 (96) | 103 (29) |
1 | 4 (2) | 149 (42) |
2 | 2 (1) | 87 (24) |
3 | --- | 16 (5) |
4 | --- | 1 (0.3) |
Insulin | ||
Short-acting insulin | 152 (92) | 68 (19) |
Long-acting insulin | 103 (62) | 98 (28) |
Insulin glargine (Lantus) or insulin detemir (Levemir) | 51 (31) | 11 (3) |
Antihypertensives | 52 (33) | 217 (63) |
Cholesterol lowering drug | 45 (28) | 205 (59) |
Self-reported complications | ||
Impaired vision | 31 (19) | 51 (14) |
Myocardial infarction | 4 (2) | 38 (11) |
Angina | 10 (6) | 27 (8) |
Reduced kidney function (Proteinuria) | 15 (9) | 24 (7) |
Kidney transplant | 1 (1) | 2 (1) |
Foot ulcer | 6 (4) | 13 (4) |
Amputation | 2 (1) | 1 (0.3) |
Stroke | 5 (3) | 19 (5) |
Neuropathy | 12 (7) | 17 (5) |
Other | 37 (22) | 53 (15) |
None | 79 (47) | 161 (45) |