Skip to main content

Table 1 Demographics and clinical variables in the wrist fracture patients, hip fracture patients, and the control group.

From: Is global quality of life reduced before fracture in patients with low-energy wrist or hip fracture? A comparison with matched controls

 

Wrist

Hip

Control group

p value*

 

n = 181

n = 97

n = 226

 

Demographics

    

Age (years)

66.9 (9.9)

74.9 (9.8)

66.8 (9.0)

0.003 bc

Females

161 (89)

71 (73)

192 (85)

0.003 bc

BMI (kg/m2)

25.4 (4.3)

23.1 (4.0)

26.6 (4.3)

< 0.001 abc

Education level

   

0.040 b

< 10 years

62 (37)

40 (48)

88 (39)

 

11–13 years

70 (42)

29 (35)

70 (31)

 

> 13 years

36 (21)

14 (17)

67 (30)

 

Cohabiting

92 (53)

34 (36)

152 (68)

< 0.001 abc

Regular exercise**

134 (74)

57 (59)

169 (77)

0.008 bc

Current smoker

29 (16)

29 (30)

30 (13)

0.001 bc

Clinical characteristics

    

Current glucocorticoids

12 (7)

12 (13)

3 (1)

< 0.001 ab

Current calcium and/or vitamin D

40 (22)

20 (21)

50 (22)

0.950

Current ART

26 (14)

9 (9)

13 (6)

0.013 a

Previous fracture(s)

97(54)

46 (48)

97 (45)

0.175

≥ 1 fall in previous year

75 (47)

48 (53)

67 (36)

0.023b

Osteoporosis***

60 (33)

57 (59)

37 (16)

< 0.001 abc

Health-focused QOL (SF-36)

    

SF-36 PCS****

50.9 (9.8)

46.3 (10.5)

51.3 (8.3)

< 0.001 bc

SF-36 MCS****

50.1 (9.9)

47.7 (11.6)

50.7 (8.7)

0.044 b

  1. Continuous variables are presented as mean and standard deviation (SD), and group variables as numbers and per cent (%).
  2. * Chi-square used to compare categorical data, and ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test used for continuous variables. Significant differences between the marked groups: a = wrist fracture patients vs. control group, b = hip fracture patient vs. control group, and c = wrist fracture patients vs. hip fracture patients. P-values marked with bold indicate statistically significant differences between the groups.
  3. ** Exercise more than 30 minutes three times a week.
  4. *** Osteoporosis at total hip and/or spine L2–L4.
  5. **** SF-36 scores range from 0 to 100, where 100 means perfect health.
  6. Specific osteoporosis treatment: oestrogens, biphosponates, or selective oestrogen receptor modulators.
  7. ART, antiresorptive treatment; BMI, body mass index; PCS, physical component summary; MCS, mental component summary.