Table 2 Multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) model to assess the effect of high HbF response on QOL. The effect of independent variables (rows) on each outcome measure (columns) at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months during randomized treatment to hydroxyurea or placebo is shown. The dependent variables are: SF-36 Health Status Survey variables (as a percent scores), Mood Profile, Ladder of Life.
From: Hydroxyurea and sickle cell anemia: effect on quality of life
Independent Variables | quality of life Outcome Variables (each column is one model per outcome) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General Health Now | Physical Functioning | Social Functioning | Role-Physical | Role-Mental | Mental Health | Energy-Fatigue | |
High Response | 0.0008 | NS* | 0.007 | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Baseline QOL Value | <0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Baseline Daily Pain 0–3, 4–6, 7–9 | <0.0001 | NS | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Baseline Fetal Hemoglobin <0. 5 vs > 0. 5 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Baseline Annual Crisis Rate <6 vs ≥ 6 | 0.002 | NS | NS | 0.0005 | NS | NS | NS |
Pain Recall (4-week) | General Health Perception | Tension-Anxiety | Depression-Dejection | Vigor | Fatigue | Ladder of Life | |
High Response | 0.0006 | 0.002 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Baseline QOL Value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Baseline Daily Pain 0–3, 4–6, 7–9 | < 0.0001 | NS | 0.001 | <0.0001 | NS | 0.0004 | 0.007 |
Baseline Fetal Hemoglobin <0. 5 vs > 0. 5 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Baseline Annual Crisis Rate <6 vs ≥ 6 | <0.0001 | 0.003 | NS | NS | 0.004 | NS | 0.008 |